1-36 Ahab, seduced by false prophets, according to the word of Michaiah, is slain at Ramoth-gilead 37-40 The dogs lick up his blood, and Ahaziah succeeds him 41-44 Jehoshaphat's good reign 45 His acts 46-50 Jehoram succeeds him 51-53 Ahaziah;s evil reign

A.M. 3104-3107 B.C. 900-897 1Ki 20:34

2 And it came to pass in the third year, that Jehoshaphat the king of Judah came down to the king of Israel.

A.M. 3107 B.C. 897
in the third 1Ki 22:1 Mt 12:40 16:21

Jehoshaphat 1Ki 22:41,44 15:24 2Ki 8:18 2Ch 18:1,2

3 And the king of Israel said unto his servants, Know ye that Ramoth in Gilead is ours, and we be still, and take it not out of the hand of the king of Syria?

Ramoth 1Ki 4:13 De 4:43 Jos 20:8

still [heb] silent from taking it Jud 16:2 2Sa 19:10

4 And he said unto Jehoshaphat, Wilt thou go with me to battle to Ramothgilead? And Jehoshaphat said to the king of Israel, I am as thou art, my people as thy people, my horses as thy horses.

Wilt thou go 2Ki 3:7 2Ch 18:3

I am as thou 2Ch 19:2 Ps 139:21,22 Pr 13:20 1Co 15:33 2Co 6:16,17 Eph 5:11 2Jo 1:11 Re 2:26

5 And Jehoshaphat said unto the king of Israel, Enquire, I pray thee, at the word of the LORD to day.

Enquire Nu 27:21 Jos 9:14 Jud 1:1 20:18,23,29 1Sa 14:18 23:2,4,9-12 30:8 2Ki 1:3 3:11 1Ch 10:13 2Ch 18:4,5 Pr 3:5,6 Jer 21:2 42:2-6 Eze 14:3 20:1-3

6 Then the king of Israel gathered the prophets together, about four hundred men, and said unto them, Shall I go against Ramothgilead to battle, or shall I forbear? And they said, Go up; for the LORD shall deliver it into the hand of the king.

the prophets together 1Ki 18:19 2Ti 4:3

Go up 1Ki 22:15,22,23 2Ch 18:14 Jer 5:31 8:10,11 14:13,14 23:14-17 28:1-9 Eze 13:7-16,22 Mt 7:15 2Pe 2:1-3 Re 19:20

the Lord This prophecy is couched in the {ambiguous terms} in which the heathen oracles were delivered. It may mean, either `The Lord will deliver it (Ramoth Gilead) into the king's (Ahab's) hand;' or, `The Lord will deliver (Israel) into the king's (of Syria) hand.' So in the famous reply of the Delphian oracle to Pyrrhus: `I shalt say to thee, Pyrrhus the Romans shall overcome: thou shalt go, thou shalt return never in war shalt thou perish.'

7 And Jehoshaphat said, Is there not here a prophet of the LORD besides, that we might enquire of him?

Is there not 2Ki 3:11-13 2Ch 18:6,7

8 And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat, There is yet one man, Micaiah the son of Imlah, by whom we may enquire of the LORD: but I hate him; for he doth not prophesy good concerning me, but evil. And Jehoshaphat said, Let not the king say so.

yet one man 1Ki 18:4 19:10,14 20:41,42

but I hate him 1Ki 22:27 20:43 21:20 Ge 37:8 2Ch 36:16 Ps 34:21 Pr 9:8 15:12 Isa 49:7 Jer 18:18 20:10 43:3,4 Am 5:10 Zec 11:8 Mt 10:22 Joh 3:19 3:20-22 7:7 15:18,19 17:14 Ga 4:16 Re 11:7-10

good 1Ki 22:13 Isa 30:10 Jer 38:4 Mic 2:11

concerning me 1Ki 20:35-42 2Ki 9:22 Isa 3:11 57:19-21

Let not the 1Ki 21:27-29 Pr 5:12-14 Mic 2:7

9 Then the king of Israel called an officer, and said, Hasten hither Micaiah the son of Imlah.

officer. or, eunuch 2Ki 9:32 2Ch 18:8 Isa 39:7 Da 1:18

Hasten 1Ki 22:26,27

10 And the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah sat each on his throne, having put on their robes, in a void place in the entrance of the gate of Samaria; and all the prophets prophesied before them.

having put 1Ki 22:30 Es 5:1 6:8,9 Mt 6:20 11:8 Ac 12:21 25:23

void place [heb] floor
all the prophets 1Ki 18:29 2Ch 18:9-11 Jer 27:14-16 Eze 13:1-9

11 And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron: and he said, Thus saith the LORD, With these shalt thou push the Syrians, until thou have consumed them.

horns of iron Jer 27:2 28:10-14 Zec 1:18-21 Ac 19:13-16 2Co 11:13-15 2Ti 3:8

Thus saith Jer 23:17,25,31 28:2,3 29:21 Eze 13:6-9 22:27,28 Mic 3:11

12 And all the prophets prophesied so, saying, Go up to Ramothgilead, and prosper: for the LORD shall deliver it into the king's hand.

Go up 1Ki 22:6-15,32-36 2Ch 35:22

13 And the messenger that was gone to call Micaiah spake unto him, saying, Behold now, the words of the prophets declare good unto the king with one mouth: let thy word, I pray thee, be like the word of one of them, and speak that which is good.

Behold now Ps 10:11 11:1 14:1 50:21 Isa 30:10,11 Ho 7:3 Am 7:13 7:13-17 Mic 2:6,7,11 1Co 2:14-16

14 And Micaiah said, As the LORD liveth, what the LORD saith unto me, that will I speak.

what the Lord Nu 22:38 24:13 2Ch 18:12,13 Jer 23:28 26:2,3 42:4 Eze 2:4-8 3:17-19 Ac 20:26,27 2Co 2:17 4:2 Ga 1:10

15 So he came to the king. And the king said unto him, Micaiah, shall we go against Ramothgilead to battle, or shall we forbear? And he answered him, Go, and prosper: for the LORD shall deliver it into the hand of the king.

shall we go 1Ki 22:6

Go and prosper This was strong {irony}; they were the precise words of the false prophets; but were spoken by Micaiah in such a tone and manner as at once shewed Ahab that he did not believe, but ridiculed these words of uncertainty. The reply of the Dephian oracle to Crosesus was as ambiguous as they returned to Pyrrhus, `If Croesus crosses the Halys, he will overthrow a great empire.' This he understood of the empire of Cyrus; the event proved it to be his own: he was deluded, yet the oracle maintained its credit. 1Ki 18:27 Jud 10:14 2Ki 3:13 2Ch 18:14 Ec 11:9 Mt 26:45

16 And the king said unto him, How many times shall I adjure thee that thou tell me nothing but that which is true in the name of the LORD?

shall I adjure Jos 6:26 1Sa 14:24 2Ch 18:15 Mt 26:63 Mr 5:7 Ac 19:13

that thou tell Jer 42:3-6 Mt 22:16,17

17 And he said, I saw all Israel scattered upon the hills, as sheep that have not a shepherd: and the LORD said, These have no master: let them return every man to his house in peace.

I saw 1Sa 9:9 Jer 1:11-16 Eze 1:4 Ac 10:11-17

as sheep 1Ki 22:24-36 Nu 27:17 2Ch 18:16,17 Jer 23:1,2 50:6,17 Eze 34:4-6 Zec 10:2 13:7 Mt 9:36

18 And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat, Did I not tell thee that he would prophesy no good concerning me, but evil?

Did I not tell 1Ki 22:8 Pr 10:24 27:22 29:1 Lu 11:45

19 And he said, Hear thou therefore the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on his throne, and all the host of heaven standing by him on his right hand and on his left.

Hear thou Isa 1:10 28:14 Jer 2:4 29:20 42:15 Eze 13:2 Am 7:16

I saw the Lord Micaiah evidently gives here an account of what appeared to him in a vision: many of the circumstances must be considered as parabolical; for truth, rather than facts, is revealed in such representations. 2Ch 18:18-22 Isa 6:1-3 Eze 1:26-28 Da 7:9,10 Ac 7:55,56 Re 4:2,3

all the host Job 1:6 2:1 Ps 103:20,21 Isa 6:2,3 Zec 1:10 Mt 18:10 25:31 Heb 1:7 1:14 12:22 Re 5:11

20 And the LORD said, Who shall persuade Ahab, that he may go up and fall at Ramothgilead? And one said on this manner, and another said on that manner.

persuade. or, deceive Job 12:16 Jer 4:10 Eze 14:9

21 And there came forth a spirit, and stood before the LORD, and said, I will persuade him.

1ki 22:23 job 1:6,7 2:1

22 And the LORD said unto him, Wherewith? And he said, I will go forth, and I will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets. And he said, Thou shalt persuade him, and prevail also: go forth, and do so.

a lying spirit Job 1:8-11 2:4-6 Joh 8:44 Ac 5:3,4 2Th 2:9,10 1Ti 4:1 1Jo 4:6 Re 12:9,10 13:14 16:13,14 20:3,7,10

Thou shalt 1Ki 22:20 Jud 9:23 Job 12:16 Ps 109:17 2Th 2:10-12 Re 17:17

23 Now therefore, behold, the LORD hath put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these thy prophets, and the LORD hath spoken evil concerning thee.

behold, the Lord Ex 4:21 10:20 De 2:30 2Ch 25:16 Isa 6:9,10 44:20 Eze 14:3-5,9 Mt 13:13-15 24:24,25

and the Lord 1Ki 22:8-11 20:42 21:19 Nu 23:19,20 24:13 Isa 3:11

24 But Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah went near, and smote Micaiah on the cheek, and said, Which way went the Spirit of the LORD from me to speak unto thee?

Zedekiah 1Ki 22:11

smote Micaiah 2Ch 18:23,24 Isa 50:5,6 La 3:30 Mic 5:1 Mr 14:65 15:19,20 Joh 15:18 15:20 Ac 23:2

Which way Jer 28:10,11 29:26,27 Mt 26:68 27:42,43

25 And Micaiah said, Behold, thou shalt see in that day, when thou shalt go into an inner chamber to hide thyself.

Behold Nu 31:8 Isa 9:14-16 Jer 23:15 28:16,17 29:21,22,32 Am 7:17 2Pe 2:1 Re 19:20

into an inner chamber. or, from chamber to chamber 1Ki 20:30

26 And the king of Israel said, Take Micaiah, and carry him back unto Amon the governor of the city, and to Joash the king's son;

carry him back 1Ki 22:9

27 And say, Thus saith the king, Put this fellow in the prison, and feed him with bread of affliction and with water of affliction, until I come in peace.

Put this fellow 2Ch 16:10 18:25-27 Jer 20:2 29:26 37:15 38:6 La 3:53-55 Mr 6:17-28 Lu 3:20 Ac 5:18 16:23,24 24:25-27 26:10 Eph 3:1 Re 2:10

bread of affliction De 16:3 Ps 80:5 102:9 127:2 Isa 30:20

until I come in peace Lu 12:45,46 1Th 5:2,3 Jas 4:13,14

28 And Micaiah said, If thou return at all in peace, the LORD hath not spoken by me. And he said, Hearken, O people, every one of you.

If thou return Nu 16:29 De 18:20-22 2Ki 1:10,12 Isa 44:26 Jer 28:8,9 Ac 13:10,11

Hearken 1Ki 18:21-24,36,37 2Ch 18:27 Am 3:1 Mic 1:2 Mr 7:14-16 12:37

29 So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah went up to Ramothgilead.

1Ki 22:2-9 2Ch 18:28

30 And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat, I will disguise myself, and enter into the battle; but put thou on thy robes. And the king of Israel disguised himself, and went into the battle.

I will, etc. or, when he was to disguise himself, and enter into the battle.

put thou on 1Ki 22:10 Ps 12:2

disguised himself 1Ki 14:2 20:38 1Sa 28:8 2Sa 14:2 2Ch 18:29 35:22 Pr 21:30 Jer 23:24

31 But the king of Syria commanded his thirty and two captains that had rule over his chariots, saying, Fight neither with small nor great, save only with the king of Israel.

thirty and two 1Ki 20:24 2Ch 18:30

Fight 1Ki 20:33-42

small nor great Ge 19:11 1Sa 30:2 Jer 16:6

32 And it came to pass, when the captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat, that they said, Surely it is the king of Israel. And they turned aside to fight against him: and Jehoshaphat cried out.

they turned Pr 13:20

Jehoshaphat Ex 14:10 2Ch 18:31 Ps 50:15 91:15 116:1,2 130:1-4 Jon 2:1,2

33 And it came to pass, when the captains of the chariots perceived that it was not the king of Israel, that they turned back from pursuing him.

that they turned 1Ki 22:31 Ps 76:10

34 And a certain man drew a bow at a venture, and smote the king of Israel between the joints of the harness: wherefore he said unto the driver of his chariot, Turn thine hand, and carry me out of the host; for I am wounded.

at a venture [heb] in his simplicity 2Sa 15:11

and smote 1Sa 17:49 2Ki 9:24

joints of the harness [heb] joints and the breast plate Re 9:9

wounded [heb] made sick 2Ch 18:30 35:23 Mic 6:13

35 And the battle increased that day: and the king was stayed up in his chariot against the Syrians, and died at even: and the blood ran out of the wound into the midst of the chariot.

increased [heb] ascended
died at even 1Ki 22:28 20:42

midst [heb] bosom

36 And there went a proclamation throughout the host about the going down of the sun, saying, Every man to his city, and every man to his own country.

there went 1Ki 22:17,31 12:16 2Ki 14:12

Every man 1Ki 12:24 Jud 7:7,8 21:24 1Sa 4:10 2Sa 19:8 2Ki 14:12

37 So the king died, and was brought to Samaria; and they buried the king in Samaria.

was brought [heb] came

38 And one washed the chariot in the pool of Samaria; and the dogs licked up his blood; and they washed his armor; according unto the word of the LORD which he spake.

and the dogs 1Ki 21:19 Jos 23:14,15 Isa 44:25,26 48:3-5 Jer 44:21-23 Zec 1:4-6 Mt 24:35

39 Now the rest of the acts of Ahab, and all that he did, and the ivory house which he made, and all the cities that he built, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

A.M. 3086-3107 B.C. 918-897
the rest 1Ki 14:19 15:23,31 16:5,20,27

the ivory house That is, probably, decorated with ivory in such abundance as to merit the appellation of an {ivory house}. 1Ki 10:18,22 Ps 45:8 Eze 27:6,15 Am 3:15 6:4

40 So Ahab slept with his fathers; and Ahaziah his son reigned in his stead.

slept 1Ki 2:10 11:21 14:31 De 31:16 2Sa 7:12

Ahaziah 1Ki 22:51 2Ki 1:2,17 2Ch 20:35

41 And Jehoshaphat the son of Asa began to reign over Judah in the fourth year of Ahab king of Israel.

A.M. 3090 B.C. 914
Jehoshaphat 1Ki 22:2 1Ch 3:10 2Ch 17:1 20:31

began to reign `Began to reign alone' 1Ki 22:51

42 Jehoshaphat was thirty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned twenty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.

thirty and five 2Ki 1:17 8:16

and his mother's 1Ki 14:21 15:2,10

43 And he walked in all the ways of Asa his father; he turned not aside from it, doing that which was right in the eyes of the LORD: nevertheless the high places were not taken away; for the people offered and burnt incense yet in the high places.

he walked 1Ki 15:11,14 2Ch 14:2-5,11 15:8,17 17:3

he turned 1Ki 15:5 Ex 32:8 1Sa 12:20,21 2Ch 16:7-12 Ps 40:4 101:3 125:5 Pr 4:27

doing 2Ch 17:3-6 19:3,4 20:3

the high 1Ki 14:23 15:14 2Ki 12:3 14:3,4 15:3,4 18:22

44 And Jehoshaphat made peace with the king of Israel.

made peace 1Ki 22:2 2Ki 8:18 2Ch 19:2 21:6 2Co 6:14

45 Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, and his might that he showed, and how he warred, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?

Now 1Ki 22:39

are they 1Ki 11:41 14:29

46 And the remnant of the sodomites, which remained in the days of his father Asa, he took out of the land.

the remnant 1Ki 14:24 15:12 Ge 19:5 De 23:17 Jud 19:22 Ro 1:26,27 1Co 6:9 1Ti 1:10 Jude 1:7

47 There was then no king in Edom: a deputy was king.

no king Ge 25:23 27:40 36:31 2Sa 8:14 2Ki 3:9 8:20 Ps 108:9,10

48 Jehoshaphat made ships of Tharshish to go to Ophir for gold: but they went not; for the ships were broken at Eziongeber.

Jehoshaphat 2Ch 20:35,36

made ships. or, had ten ships 1Ki 10:22 2Ch 9:21 Ps 48:7 Isa 2:16 60:9 Jon 1:3

Tharshish Josephus and the Chaldee and Arabic praphrasts explain this place of Tarsus in Cilcia; the LXX Theodoret, and Jerome, understand it of Carthage; but the learned Bochart makes it Tartessus, an island in the straits of Gades. Ibn Haukal describes Tarsousa as belonging to Andalus, or Analusial and Festus Avienus expressly says, [Hic gadir urbs est dicta Tartessus prius,] `the city Cadiz was formerly called Tartessus.'

to Ophir 1Ki 9:28 Ps 45:9

they went not 2Ch 20:37 25:7

Ezion-geber 1Ki 9:26 Nu 33:35,36

49 Then said Ahaziah the son of Ahab unto Jehoshaphat, Let my servants go with thy servants in the ships. But Jehoshaphat would not.

50 And Jehoshaphat slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Jehoram his son reigned in his stead.

A.M. 3115 B.C. 889
slept with his fathers 1Ki 22:40 2:10 2Ch 21:1

in the city 1Ki 11:43 14:31 15:24

Jehoram 2Ki 8:16-18 2Ch 21:5-7

51 Ahaziah the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the seventeenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned two years over Israel.

A.M. 3107-3108 B.C. 897-896
began. `Now he begins to reign alone.' 1Ki 22:40

two years 1Ki 15:25 2Ki 1:17

52 And he did evil in the sight of the LORD, and walked in the way of his father, and in the way of his mother, and in the way of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin:

he did evil 1Ki 15:26 16:30-33 2Ki 1:2-7

in the way 1Ki 21:25 2Ki 8:27 9:22 2Ch 22:3 Mr 6:24 Re 3:20

and in the way 1Ki 12:28-33 14:9-16 15:34 2Ki 3:3

53 For he served Baal, and worshipped him, and provoked to anger the LORD God of Israel, according to all that his father had done.

he served Baal 1Ki 16:31 Jud 2:1-11 2Ki 1:2 3:2

provoked 1Ki 16:7 Ps 106:29 Isa 65:3 Eze 8:3

according to all 1Ki 21:29 Eze 18:14-18