The First Book of SAMUEL, otherwise called The First Book of the KINGS

1-3 Elkanah, a Levite, having two wives, worships yearly at Shiloh 4-8 He cherishes Hannah, though barren, and provoked by Peninnah 9-11 Hannah in grief prays for a child 12-18 Eli first rebuking her, afterwards blesses her 19-23 Hannah, having born Samuel, stays at home till he is weaned 24-28 She presents him, according to her vow, to the Lord

Ramathaim-zophim This ancient town, now called Ramla, is, according to Phocas, about thirty-six miles west of Jerusalem, and, according to modern travellers, about none miles from Joppa and a league from Lydda, between which it is situated. It is built on a rising ground, on a rich plain, and contains about two thousand families. 1Sa 1:19 Mt 27:57

Arimathea
mount Jud 17:1 19:1

Elkanah 1Ch 6:25-27,34

Zuph 1Sa 9:5

Ephrathite 1Sa 17:12 Jud 12:5 Ru 1:2 1Ki 11:26

2 And he had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah: and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.

two Ge 4:19,23 29:23-29 Jud 8:30 Mt 19:8

but Ge 16:1,2 25:21 29:31 Jud 13:2 Lu 1:7

3 And this man went up out of his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice unto the LORD of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, the priests of the LORD, were there.

yearly [heb] from year to year Ex 23:14,17 34:23 De 16:16 Lu 2:41

to worship De 12:5-7,11-14

Shiloh 1Sa 1:9 Jos 18:1 Ps 78:60 Jer 7:12-14

And the 1Sa 1:9 2:12-17,34 3:13 4:4,11,17,18

4 And when the time was that Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah his wife, and to all her sons and her daughters, portions:

offered Le 3:4 7:15 De 12:5-7,17 16:11

5 But unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion; for he loved Hannah: but the LORD had shut up her womb.

a worthy portion. or, a double portion The Hebrew phrase, manah achath appayim, is correctly rendered by Gesenius, (), `a portion for two persons, a double portion;' for aph in Hebrew, and () in Greek, which literally mean a face, are used for a person. Ge 43:34 45:22

he loved Ge 29:30,31 De 21:15

shut up Ge 20:18 30:2

6 And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.

adversary Le 18:18 Job 6:14

provoked her [heb] angered her

7 And as he did so year by year, when she went up to the house of the LORD, so she provoked her; therefore she wept, and did not eat.

year 1Sa 2:19

when she. or, from the time that she [heb] from her going up

8 Then said Elkanah her husband to her, Hannah, why weepest thou? and why eatest thou not? and why is thy heart grieved? am not I better to thee than ten sons?

why weepest 2Sa 12:16,17 2Ki 8:12 Job 6:14 Joh 20:13,15 1Th 5:14

am not Ru 4:15 Ps 43:4 Isa 54:1,6

9 So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the LORD.

1Sa 3:3,15 2Sa 7:2 Ps 5:7 27:4 29:9

10 And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore.

in bitterness of soul [heb] bitter of soul Ru 1:20 2Sa 17:8 Job 7:11 9:18 10:1 Isa 38:15 54:6 La 3:15

prayed Ps 50:15 91:15 Lu 22:44 Heb 5:7

wept sore Ge 50:10 Jud 21:2 2Sa 13:36 2Ki 20:3 Jer 13:17 22:10

11 And she vowed a vow, and said, O LORD of hosts, if thou wilt indeed look on the affliction of thine handmaid, and remember me, and not forget thine handmaid, but wilt give unto thine handmaid a man child, then I will give him unto the LORD all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head.

vowed Ge 28:20 Nu 21:2 30:3-8 Jud 11:30 Ec 5:4

look Ge 29:32 Ex 4:31 2Sa 16:12 Ps 25:18

remember 1Sa 1:19 Ge 8:1 30:22 Ps 132:1,2

a man child [heb] seed of men
I will give Samuel, as a descendent of Levi, was the Lord's property, from twenty-five years of age till fifty; but the vow here implies that he should be consecrated to the Lord from his infancy to his death, and that he should not only act as a Levite, but as a Nazarite.

there Nu 6:5 Jud 13:5

12 And it came to pass, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli marked her mouth.

continued praying [heb] multiplied to pray Lu 11:8-10 18:1 Eph 6:18 Col 4:2 1Th 5:17 Jas 5:16

13 Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken.

spake Ge 24:42-45 Ne 2:4 Ps 25:1 Ro 8:26

she had Zec 9:15 Ac 2:13 1Co 13:7

14 And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.

How long Jos 22:12-20 Job 8:2 Ps 62:3 Pr 6:9 Mt 7:1-3

put away Job 11:14 22:23 Pr 4:24 Eph 4:25,31

15 And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD.

No, my Lord Pr 15:1 25:15

of a sorrowful spirit [heb] hard of spirit
poured Ps 42:4 62:8 142:2,3 143:6 La 2:19

16 Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.

a daughter 1Sa 2:12 10:27 25:25 De 13:13

out of Job 6:2,3 10:1,2 Mt 12:34,35

complaint. or, meditation

17 Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him.

Go 1Sa 25:35 29:7 Jud 18:6 2Ki 5:19 Mr 5:34 Lu 7:50 8:48

the God 1Ch 4:10 Ps 20:3-5

18 And she said, Let thine handmaid find grace in thy sight. So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more sad.

Let thine Ge 32:5 33:8,15 Ru 2:13

went her Ec 9:7 Joh 16:24 Ro 15:13 Php 4:6,7

19 And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LORD, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah: and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the LORD remembered her.

they rose 1Sa 9:26 Ps 5:3 55:17 119:147 Mr 1:35

knew Ge 4:1

and the Lord 1Sa 1:11 Ge 8:1 21:1 30:22 Ps 25:7 136:23 Lu 23:42

20 Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, and called his name Samuel, saying, Because I have asked him of the LORD.

when the time was come about [heb] in revolution of days
Samuel. that is, Asked of God
Because Ge 4:25 5:29 16:11 30:6-21 41:51,52 Ex 2:10,22 Mt 1:21

21 And the man Elkanah, and all his house, went up to offer unto the LORD the yearly sacrifice, and his vow.

1Sa 1:3 Ge 18:19 Jos 24:15 Ps 101:2

22 But Hannah went not up; for she said unto her husband, I will not go up until the child be weaned, and then I will bring him, that he may appear before the LORD, and there abide for ever.

then De 16:16 Lu 2:22,41,42

and there 1Sa 1:11,28 2:11,18 3:1 Ps 23:6 27:4

for ever Ex 21:6 Le 25:23 Jos 4:7 Ps 110:4 Isa 9:7

23 And Elkanah her husband said unto her, Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish his word. So the woman abode, and gave her son suck until she weaned him.

Do what Nu 30:7-11

the Lord 2Sa 7:25 Isa 44:26

son suck Ge 21:7,8 Ps 22:9 Mt 24:19 Lu 11:27

24 And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with three bullocks, and one ephah of flour, and a bottle of wine, and brought him unto the house of the LORD in Shiloh: and the child was young.

A.M. 2839 B.C. 1165 An. Ex. Is. 326
she took Nu 15:9,10 De 12:5,6,11 16:16

three bullocks The LXX., Syriac, and Arabic, read `a bullock of three years old;' which is probably correct, as we read (verse 25) that they slew eth happar, `the bullock.'

house 1Sa 4:3,4 Jos 18:1

25 And they slew a bullock, and brought the child to Eli.

brought Lu 2:22 18:15,16

26 And she said, Oh my lord, as thy soul liveth, my lord, I am the woman that stood by thee here, praying unto the LORD.

as thy soul 1Sa 17:55 20:3 Ge 42:15 2Sa 11:11 14:19 2Ki 2:2,4,6 4:30

27 For this child I prayed; and the LORD hath given me my petition which I asked of him:

For this 1Sa 1:11-13 Mt 7:7

and the Lord Ps 66:19 116:1-5 118:5 1Jo 5:15

28 Therefore also I have lent him to the LORD; as long as he liveth he shall be lent to the LORD. And he worshipped the LORD there.

lent him. or, returned him, whom I have obtained by petition, to the Lord. The word {hishhilteehoo}, ` I have lent him,' is the Hiphil conjugation of {sahal}, `he asked,' (ver 27) and refers to the name of Samuel.

he shall be. or, he whom I have obtained by petition shall be returned.

he worshipped Ge 24:26,48,52 2Ti 3:15