And David fled from Naioth in Ramah, and came and said before Jonathan, What have I done? what is mine iniquity? and what is my sin before thy father, that he seeketh my life?
fled
1 Samuel 19:19-24 And it was told Saul, saying, Behold, David is at Naioth in Ramah…
1 Samuel 23:26-28 And Saul went on this side of the mountain, and David and his men …
Psalm 124:6-8 Blessed be the LORD, who has not given us as a prey to their teeth…
2 Peter 2:9 The Lord knows how to deliver the godly out of temptations, and to …
What have
1 Samuel 12:3 Behold, here I am: witness against me before the LORD, and before …
1 Samuel 24:11,17 Moreover, my father, see, yes, see the skirt of your robe in my hand: …
Psalm 7:3-5 O LORD my God, If I have done this; if there be iniquity in my hands…
Psalm 18:20-24 The LORD rewarded me according to my righteousness; according to …
2 Corinthians 1:12 For our rejoicing is this, the testimony of our conscience, that …
1 John 3:21 Beloved, if our heart condemn us not, then have we confidence toward God.
And he said unto him, God forbid; thou shalt not die: behold, my father will do nothing either great or small, but that he will shew it me: and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.
God forbid
1 Samuel 14:45 And the people said to Saul, Shall Jonathan die, who has worked this …
Genesis 44:7 And they said to him, Why said my lord these words? God forbid that …
Joshua 22:29 God forbid that we should rebel against the LORD, and turn this day …
Joshua 24:16 And the people answered and said, God forbid that we should forsake …
Luke 20:16 He shall come and destroy these farmers, and shall give the vineyard …
shew it me [heb] uncover mine ear
1 Samuel 20:12 And Jonathan said to David, O LORD God of Israel, when I have sounded …
1 Samuel 9:15 Now the LORD had told Samuel in his ear a day before Saul came, saying,
Psalm 40:6 Sacrifice and offering you did not desire; my ears have you opened: …
Isaiah 50:5 The Lord GOD has opened my ear, and I was not rebellious, neither …
John 15:15 From now on I call you not servants; for the servant knows not what …
John 17:8 For I have given to them the words which you gave me; and they have …
And David sware moreover, and said, Thy father certainly knoweth that I have found grace in thine eyes; and he saith, Let not Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved: but truly as the LORD liveth, and as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death.
sware
Deuteronomy 6:13 You shall fear the LORD your God, and serve him, and shall swear by his name.
Jeremiah 4:2 And you shall swear, The LORD lives, in truth, in judgment, and in …
Hebrews 6:16 For men truly swear by the greater: and an oath for confirmation …
but truly
1 Samuel 25:26 Now therefore, my lord, as the LORD lives, and as your soul lives, …
1 Samuel 27:1 And David said in his heart, I shall now perish one day by the hand of Saul…
2 Samuel 15:21 And Ittai answered the king, and said, As the LORD lives, and as …
2 Kings 2:2,4,6 And Elijah said to Elisha, Tarry here, I pray you; for the LORD has …
as thy soul
1 Samuel 1:26 And she said, Oh my lord, as your soul lives, my lord, I am the woman …
1 Samuel 17:55 And when Saul saw David go forth against the Philistine, he said …
Jeremiah 38:16 So Zedekiah the king swore secretly to Jeremiah, saying, As the LORD …
but a step
1 Samuel 27:1 And David said in his heart, I shall now perish one day by the hand of Saul…
Deuteronomy 28:66 And your life shall hang in doubt before you; and you shall fear …
Psalm 116:3 The sorrows of death compassed me, and the pains of hell got hold …
1 Corinthians 15:30,31 And why stand we in jeopardy every hour…
2 Corinthians 1:9,10 But we had the sentence of death in ourselves, that we should not …
Then said Jonathan unto David, Whatsoever thy soul desireth, I will even do it for thee.
Whatsoever. or, Say what is they mind, and I will do, etc.
desireth [heb] speaketh, or thinketh
And David said unto Jonathan, Behold, to morrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at meat: but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field unto the third day at even.
the new moon The months of the Hebrew were lunar months, and they reckoned from one new moon to another: and, as their feasts, particularly the passover, were reckoned according to this, they were very scrupulous in observing the first appearance of each new moon. On these new moons, they offered sacrifices, and feasted together: but the gathering together of all the families of a tribe on such occasions seems to have taken place only once in the year.
1 Samuel 20:6 If your father at all miss me, then say, David earnestly asked leave …
Numbers 10:10 Also in the day of your gladness, and in your solemn days, and in …
Numbers 28:11 And in the beginnings of your months you shall offer a burnt offering …
2 Kings 4:23 And he said, Why will you go to him to day? it is neither new moon, …
Psalm 81:3 Blow up the trumpet in the new moon, in the time appointed, on our …
Colossians 2:16 Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect …
that I may
1 Samuel 20:19 And when you have stayed three days, then you shall go down quickly…
1 Samuel 19:2 But Jonathan Saul's son delighted much in David: and Jonathan told …
Psalm 55:12 For it was not an enemy that reproached me; then I could have borne it…
Proverbs 22:3 A prudent man foresees the evil, and hides himself: but the simple …
John 8:59 Then took they up stones to cast at him: but Jesus hid himself, and …
Acts 17:14 And then immediately the brothers sent away Paul to go as it were …
If thy father at all miss me, then say, David earnestly asked leave of me that he might run to Bethlehem his city: for there is a yearly sacrifice there for all the family.
Beth-lehem
1 Samuel 17:58 And Saul said to him, Whose son are you, you young man? And David …
John 7:42 Has not the scripture said, That Christ comes of the seed of David, …
sacrifice. or, feast
1 Samuel 9:12 And they answered them, and said, He is; behold, he is before you: …
1 Samuel 16:2-5 And Samuel said, How can I go? if Saul hear it, he will kill me. …
If he say thus, It is well; thy servant shall have peace: but if he be very wroth, then be sure that evil is determined by him.
Therefore thou shalt deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the LORD with thee: notwithstanding, if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?
deal kindly
Genesis 24:49 And now if you will deal kindly and truly with my master, tell me: …
Genesis 47:29 And the time drew near that Israel must die: and he called his son …
Joshua 2:14 And the men answered her, Our life for yours, if you utter not this …
Ruth 1:8 And Naomi said to her two daughters in law, Go, return each to her …
Proverbs 3:3 Let not mercy and truth forsake you: bind them about your neck; write …
thou hast
1 Samuel 20:16 So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let …
1 Samuel 18:3 Then Jonathan and David made a covenant, because he loved him as his own soul.
1 Samuel 23:18 And they two made a covenant before the LORD: and David stayed in …
if there be
Joshua 22:22 The LORD God of gods, the LORD God of gods, he knows, and Israel …
2 Samuel 14:32 And Absalom answered Joab, Behold, I sent to you, saying, Come here, …
Psalm 7:4,5 If I have rewarded evil to him that was at peace with me; (yes, I …
Acts 25:11 For if I be an offender, or have committed any thing worthy of death, …
why shouldest
1 Chronicles 12:17 And David went out to meet them, and answered and said to them, If …
Psalm 116:1 I love the LORD, because he has heard my voice and my supplications.
And Jonathan said, Far be it from thee: for if I knew certainly that evil were determined by my father to come upon thee, then would not I tell it thee?
Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?
answer thee
1 Samuel 20:30-34 Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, …
1 Samuel 25:10,14,17 And Nabal answered David's servants, and said, Who is David? and …
Genesis 42:7,30 And Joseph saw his brothers, and he knew them, but made himself strange …
1 Kings 12:13 And the king answered the people roughly, and forsook the old men's …
Proverbs 18:23 The poor uses entreaties; but the rich answers roughly.
And Jonathan said unto David, Come, and let us go out into the field. And they went out both of them into the field.
And Jonathan said unto David, O LORD God of Israel, when I have sounded my father about to morrow any time, or the third day, and, behold, if there be good toward David, and I then send not unto thee, and shew it thee;
O Lord This verse is evidently deficient. The LXX. had (), `The Lord God of Israel doth know;' the Syraic and Arabic, `The Lord God of Israel is witness;' either of which makes good sense. But two of Dr. Kennicott's MSS supply the word chai, `liveth;' and the text reads thus: `As the Lord God of Israel liveth, when I have sounded my father, --if there be good unto David, and I then send not unto thee,' etc.; which is a still better sense.
Joshua 22:22 The LORD God of gods, the LORD God of gods, he knows, and Israel …
Job 31:4 Does not he see my ways, and count all my steps?
Psalm 17:3 You have proved my heart; you have visited me in the night; you have …
Psalm 139:1-4 O lord, you have searched me, and known me…
sounded [heb] searched
Proverbs 20:5 Counsel in the heart of man is like deep water; but a man of understanding …
Proverbs 25:2,3 It is the glory of God to conceal a thing: but the honor of kings …
shew it thee [heb] uncover thine ear
1 Samuel 20:2 And he said to him, God forbid; you shall not die: behold, my father …
The LORD do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it please my father to do thee evil, then I will shew it thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the LORD be with thee, as he hath been with my father.
The Lord do
1 Samuel 3:17 And he said, What is the thing that the LORD has said to you? I pray …
1 Samuel 25:22 So and more also do God to the enemies of David…
Ruth 1:17 Where you die, will I die, and there will I be buried: the LORD do …
2 Samuel 3:35 And when all the people came to cause David to eat meat while it …
2 Samuel 19:13 And say you to Amasa, Are you not of my bone, and of my flesh? God …
1 Kings 19:2 Then Jezebel sent a messenger to Elijah, saying, So let the gods …
1 Kings 20:10 And Benhadad sent to him, and said, The gods do so to me, and more also…
the Lord be
1 Samuel 17:37 David said moreover, The LORD that delivered me out of the paw of …
Joshua 1:5 There shall not any man be able to stand before you all the days …
1 Chronicles 22:11,16 Now, my son, the LORD be with you; and prosper you, and build the …
Matthew 28:20 Teaching them to observe all things whatever I have commanded you: …
Philippians 4:9 Those things, which you have both learned, and received, and heard, …
he hath been with my father
1 Samuel 10:7 And let it be, when these signs are come to you, that you do as occasion …
1 Samuel 11:6-13 And the Spirit of God came on Saul when he heard those tidings, and …
2 Samuel 7:15 But my mercy shall not depart away from him, as I took it from Saul, …
And thou shalt not only while yet I live shew me the kindness of the LORD, that I die not:
But also thou shalt not cut off thy kindness from my house for ever: no, not when the LORD hath cut off the enemies of David every one from the face of the earth.
So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let the LORD even require it at the hand of David's enemies.
And Jonathan caused David to swear again, because he loved him: for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
Then Jonathan said to David, To morrow is the new moon: and thou shalt be missed, because thy seat will be empty.
And when thou hast stayed three days, then thou shalt go down quickly, and come to the place where thou didst hide thyself when the business was in hand, and shalt remain by the stone Ezel.
And I will shoot three arrows on the side thereof, as though I shot at a mark.
And, behold, I will send a lad, saying, Go, find out the arrows. If I expressly say unto the lad, Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee, take them; then come thou: for there is peace to thee, and no hurt; as the LORD liveth.
no. [heb] not any thing
as the
Jeremiah 4:2 And you shall swear, The LORD lives, in truth, in judgment, and in …
Jeremiah 5:2 And though they say, The LORD lives; surely they swear falsely.
Jeremiah 12:16 And it shall come to pass, if they will diligently learn the ways …
Amos 8:14 They that swear by the sin of Samaria, and say, Your god, O Dan, …
But if I say thus unto the young man, Behold, the arrows are beyond thee; go thy way: for the LORD hath sent thee away.
And as touching the matter which thou and I have spoken of, behold, the LORD be between thee and me for ever.
So David hid himself in the field: and when the new moon was come, the king sat him down to eat meat.
And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon a seat by the wall: and Jonathan arose, and Abner sat by Saul's side, and David's place was empty.
Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he is not clean.
And it came to pass on the morrow, which was the second day of the month, that David's place was empty: and Saul said unto Jonathan his son, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to meat, neither yesterday, nor to day?
Wherefore
1 Samuel 18:11 And Saul cast the javelin; for he said, I will smite David even to …
1 Samuel 19:9,10,15 And the evil spirit from the LORD was on Saul, as he sat in his house …
the son
1 Samuel 22:7-9,13,14 Then Saul said to his servants that stood about him, Hear now, you Benjamites…
1 Samuel 25:10 And Nabal answered David's servants, and said, Who is David? and …
Isaiah 11:1,2 And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a …
Matthew 13:55 Is not this the carpenter's son? is not his mother called Mary? and …
1 Peter 2:4 To whom coming, as to a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but …
And Jonathan answered Saul, David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem:
And he said, Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me to be there: and now, if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. Therefore he cometh not unto the king's table.
Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?
Saul's
Job 5:2 For wrath kills the foolish man, and envy slays the silly one.
Proverbs 14:29 He that is slow to wrath is of great understanding: but he that is …
Proverbs 19:12,19 The king's wrath is as the roaring of a lion; but his favor is as …
Proverbs 21:24 Proud and haughty scorner is his name, who deals in proud wrath.
Proverbs 25:28 He that has no rule over his own spirit is like a city that is broken …
Proverbs 27:3 A stone is heavy, and the sand weighty; but a fool's wrath is heavier …
James 1:19,20 Why, my beloved brothers, let every man be swift to hear, slow to …
Thou, etc. or, Thou perverse rebel. [heb] Son of perverse rebellion.
Proverbs 15:2 The tongue of the wise uses knowledge aright: but the mouth of fools …
Proverbs 21:24 Proud and haughty scorner is his name, who deals in proud wrath.
Matthew 5:22 But I say to you, That whoever is angry with his brother without …
Ephesians 4:31 Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and evil speaking, …
Ephesians 6:4 And, you fathers, provoke not your children to wrath: but bring them …
and unto the This reflection on the mother of Jonathan, by the passionate monarch, reflects more dishonour on himself than on his brave and noble-minded son. Mungo Park gives an instance of the prevalence of the same principles in Africa; for he says, Maternal affection is every where conspicuous among the Africans, and creates a correspondent return of tenderness in the child. `Strike me,' said the attendant, `but do not curse my mother.' I found the same sentiment to prevail universally in all parts of Africa. King Saul, unable to vilify Jonathan to his own satisfaction by personal reproaches, outstepped the ordinary abuse of his day, and proceeded to that which was designed to produce unusual vexation, and vented the bitterness of his mind by maligning the character of his own wife and Jonathan's mother.
For as long as the son of Jesse liveth upon the ground, thou shalt not be established, nor thy kingdom. Wherefore now send and fetch him unto me, for he shall surely die.
And Jonathan answered Saul his father, and said unto him, Wherefore shall he be slain? what hath he done?
Wherefore
1 Samuel 19:5 For he did put his life in his hand, and slew the Philistine, and …
Proverbs 24:11,12 If you forbear to deliver them that are drawn to death, and those …
Proverbs 31:8,9 Open your mouth for the dumb in the cause of all such as are appointed …
John 7:51 Does our law judge any man, before it hear him, and know what he does?
what hath
Matthew 27:23 And the governor said, Why, what evil has he done? But they cried …
Luke 23:22 And he said to them the third time, Why, what evil has he done? I …
cast
1 Samuel 18:11 And Saul cast the javelin; for he said, I will smite David even to …
1 Samuel 19:10,11 And Saul sought to smite David even to the wall with the javelin: …
Proverbs 22:24 Make no friendship with an angry man; and with a furious man you shall not go:
Ecclesiastes 9:3 This is an evil among all things that are done under the sun, that …
Jeremiah 17:9 The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: …
whereby
1 Samuel 20:7 If he say thus, It is well; your servant shall have peace: but if …
Ecclesiastes 7:9 Be not hasty in your spirit to be angry: for anger rests in the bosom of fools.
And Saul cast a javelin at him to smite him: whereby Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to slay David.
So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no meat the second day of the month: for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.
And it came to pass in the morning, that Jonathan went out into the field at the time appointed with David, and a little lad with him.
And he said unto his lad, Run, find out now the arrows which I shoot. And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.
And when the lad was come to the place of the arrow which Jonathan had shot, Jonathan cried after the lad, and said, Is not the arrow beyond thee?
And Jonathan cried after the lad, Make speed, haste, stay not. And Jonathan's lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.
But the lad knew not any thing: only Jonathan and David knew the matter.
And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad, and said unto him, Go, carry them to the city.
artillery [heb] instruments Rather weapons, as the word kelim also denotes; and here means the bow, quiver, and arrows. This is probably the only place in our language in which the word artillery is not applied to cannon or ordinance, but simply to weapons of war.
his lad [heb] the lad that was his
And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of a place toward the south, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded.
and fell
1 Samuel 25:23 And when Abigail saw David, she hurried, and lighted off the donkey, …
Genesis 43:28 And they answered, Your servant our father is in good health, he …
2 Samuel 9:6 Now when Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan, the son of Saul, was …
and they kissed
1 Samuel 10:1 Then Samuel took a vial of oil, and poured it on his head, and kissed …
Genesis 29:11,13 And Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept…
Genesis 45:15 Moreover he kissed all his brothers, and wept on them: and after …
2 Samuel 19:39 And all the people went over Jordan. And when the king was come over, …
Acts 20:37 And they all wept sore, and fell on Paul's neck, and kissed him,
David exceeded
1 Samuel 18:3 Then Jonathan and David made a covenant, because he loved him as his own soul.
2 Samuel 1:26 I am distressed for you, my brother Jonathan: very pleasant have …
And Jonathan said to David, Go in peace, forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name of the LORD, saying, The LORD be between me and thee, and between my seed and thy seed for ever. And he arose and departed: and Jonathan went into the city.
Go in peace
1 Samuel 20:22 But if I say thus to the young man, Behold, the arrows are beyond …
1 Samuel 1:17 Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant …
Numbers 6:26 The LORD lift up his countenance on you, and give you peace.
Luke 7:50 And he said to the woman, Your faith has saved you; go in peace.
Acts 16:36 And the keeper of the prison told this saying to Paul, The magistrates …
forasmuch as. or, the Lord be witness of that which, etc.
1 Samuel 20:23 And as touching the matter which you and I have spoken of, behold, …
And he arose
1 Samuel 23:18 And they two made a covenant before the LORD: and David stayed in …
This separation of two such faithful friends was equally grievous to them both, but David's case was the more deplorable: for when Jonathan was returning to his family and friends, David was leaving all his comforts, even those of God's sanctuary, and therefore his grief exceeded Jonathan's; or, perhaps it was because his temper was more tender and his passions stronger. They referred each other to the covenant of friendship that was between them, both of them being comforted thereby in this very mournful separation:--`We have sworn both of us in the name of the Lord, for ourselves and our heirs, that we and they will be faithful and kind to each other from generation to generation.'
