1 Moses and Aaron are encouraged to go again to Pharaoh
7 Their age, 7. Aaron's rod is turned into a serpent
11 The sorcerers do the like; but their rods are swallowed up by Aaron's
13 Pharaoh's hears is hardened
14 God's message to Pharaoh
19 The river is turned into blood; and the consequent distress of the Egyptians

see Ex 16:29 Ge 19:21 1Ki 17:23 2Ki 6:32 Ec 1:10

a god Ex 4:15,16 Ps 82:6 Jer 1:10 Joh 10:35,36

2 Thou shalt speak all that I command thee: and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Pharaoh, that he send the children of Israel out of his land.

Ex 4:15 6:29 De 4:2 1Ki 22:14 Jer 1:7,17 Eze 3:10,17 Mt 28:20 Ac 20:27

3 And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.

And I Ex 4:21,29

multiply Ex 4:7 9:16 11:9 De 4:34 7:19 Ne 9:10 Ps 78:43-51 105:27-36 135:9 Isa 51:9 Jer 32:20,21 Mic 7:15 Joh 4:48 Ac 2:22 7:36 Ro 15:19

4 But Pharaoh shall not hearken unto you, that I may lay my hand upon Egypt, and bring forth mine armies, and my people the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt by great judgments.

that I Ex 9:3 10:1 11:9 Jud 2:14 La 3:3

armies Ex 6:26 12:51

by great Ex 6:6 Pr 19:29 Isa 26:9 Eze 14:21 25:11 30:14,19 Re 15:4 15:7 19:2

5 And the Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD, when I stretch forth mine hand upon Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them.

Egyptians Ex 6:17 8:10,22 14:4,18 Ps 9:16 Eze 25:17 28:22 36:23 39:7,22

I stretch Ex 3:20

6 And Moses and Aaron did as the LORD commanded them, so did they.

Ex 6:2,10 12:28 39:43 40:16 Ge 6:22 22:18 Ps 119:4 Joh 15:10,14

7 And Moses was fourscore years old, and Aaron fourscore and three years old, when they spake unto Pharaoh.

Ex 2:23 Ge 41:46 De 29:5 31:2 34:7 Ps 90:10 Ac 7:23,30

8 And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,

no reference

9 When Pharaoh shall speak unto you, saying, Show a miracle for you: then thou shalt say unto Aaron, Take thy rod, and cast it before Pharaoh, and it shall become a serpent.

shew Isa 7:11 Mt 12:39 Joh 2:18 6:30 10:38

take Ex 7:10-12 4:2,17,20 9:23 10:13

a serpent Ps 74:12,13 Eze 29:3

10 And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and they did so as the LORD had commanded: and Aaron cast down his rod before Pharaoh, and before his servants, and it became a serpent.

as the Lord Ex 7:9

it became Ex 4:3 Am 9:3 Mr 16:18 Lu 10:19

11 Then Pharaoh also called the wise men and the sorcerers: now the magicians of Egypt, they also did in like manner with their enchantments.

wise men Ge 41:8,38,39 Isa 19:11,12 47:12,13 Da 2:2,27 4:7-9 5:7,11 2Ti 3:8 Re 19:20

sorcerers. Probably from the Arabic kashapha, to discover, reveal, signifies diviners, or those who pretended to reveal futurity, to discover things lost, or to find hidden treasures.

the also Ex 7:22 8:7,18 De 13:1-3 Mt 24:24 Ga 3:1 Eph 4:14 2Th 2:9 Re 13:11-15

enchantments. By the word Lahatim, from lahat, to burn, may be meant such incantations as required lustral fires, fumigations.

12 For they cast down every man his rod, and they became serpents: but Aaron's rod swallowed up their rods.

but Aaron's Ex 8:18,19 9:11 Ac 8:9-13 13:8-11 19:19,20 1Jo 4:4

13 And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.

Ex 7:4 4:21 8:15 10:1,20,27 14:17 De 2:30 Zec 7:11,12 Ro 1:28 2:5 Heb 3:7,8,13

14 And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh's heart is hardened, he refuseth to let the people go.

Pharaoh's Ex 8:15 10:1,20,27 Zec 7:12

he refuseth Ex 4:23 8:2 9:2 10:4 Isa 1:20 Jer 8:5 9:6 Heb 12:25

15 Get thee unto Pharaoh in the morning; lo, he goeth out unto the water; and thou shalt stand by the river's brink against he come; and the rod which was turned to a serpent shalt thou take in thine hand.

he goeth Ex 2:5 8:20 Eze 29:3

the rod Ex 7:10 4:2-4

16 And thou shalt say unto him, The LORD God of the Hebrews hath sent me unto thee, saying, Let my people go, that they may serve me in the wilderness: and, behold, hitherto thou wouldest not hear.

The Lord Ex 3:18 5:3 9:1,13 10:3 1Sa 4:6-9

let my Ex 8:1,20 13:15 14:5 Isa 45:13 Jer 50:33 Ac 4:21-23

serve Ex 3:12,18 5:1-3 9:1

17 Thus saith the LORD, In this thou shalt know that I am the LORD: behold, I will smite with the rod that is in mine hand upon the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood.

thou shalt Ex 7:5 5:2 6:7 1Sa 17:46,47 1Ki 20:28 2Ki 19:19 Ps 9:16 83:18 Eze 29:9 30:8,19 32:15 38:23 39:28 Da 4:17,32,37 5:21,23

and they Ex 1:22 4:9 Ps 78:44 105:29 Re 8:8 16:3-6

18 And the fish that is in the river shall die, and the river shall stink; and the Egyptians shall loathe to drink of the water of the river.

the fish Ex 7:21

Egyptians. 'The water of Egypt,' says Abbe Mascrier, 'is so delicious, that one would not wish the heat to be less, or to be delivered from the sensation of thirst. The Turks find it so exquisite, that they excite themselves to drink of it by eating salt.' 'A person,' adds Mr. Harmer, 'who never before heard of the deliciousness of the Nile water, and of the large quantities which on that account are drunk of it, will, I am sure, find an energy in those words of Moses to Pharaoh, the Egyptians shall loathe to drink of the water of the river, which he never did before.' shall loathe Ex 7:24 Nu 11:20 21:5

19 And the LORD spake unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Take thy rod, and stretch out thine hand upon the waters of Egypt, upon their streams, upon their rivers, and upon their ponds, and upon all their pools of water, that they may become blood; and that there may be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood, and in vessels of stone.

stretch Ex 8:5,6,16 9:22,23,33 10:12,21 14:21,26

their pools. Heb. gathering of their waters Ge 1:10

20 And Moses and Aaron did so, as the LORD commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.

he lifted Ex 17:5,6,9-12 Nu 20:8-12

all the waters. As the Nile was held sacred by the Egyptians, as well as the animals it contained, to which they annually sacrificed a girl, or as others say, both a boy and girl, God might have designed this plague as a punishment for such idolatry and cruelty; and to shew them the baseness of those elements which they reverenced, and the insufficiency of the gods in which they trusted. All the punishments brought upon them bore a strict analogy to their crimes. Ge 7:17,18 Ps 78:44 105:29 Joh 2:9-11 Re 8:8

21 And the fish that was in the river died; and the river stank, and the Egyptians could not drink of the water of the river; and there was blood throughout all the land of Egypt.

Ex 7:18 Re 8:9

The first miracle of Christ turned water into wine, the first plague upon Egypt turned all their water into blood.

22 And the magicians of Egypt did so with their enchantments: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, neither did he hearken unto them; as the LORD had said.

magicians Ex 7:11 8:7,8 Jer 27:18 2Ti 3:8

and Pharaoh's Ex 7:13

as the Ex 7:3

23 And Pharaoh turned and went into his house, neither did he set his heart to this also.

neither Ex 9:21 De 32:46 1Sa 4:20 Job 7:17 Ps 62:10 Pr 22:17 24:32 29:1 Isa 26:11 Jer 5:3 36:24 Eze 40:4 Am 4:7-12 Hab 1:5 Mal 2:2

24 And all the Egyptians digged round about the river for water to drink; for they could not drink of the water of the river.

for they Ex 7:18-21

25 And seven days were fulfilled, after that the LORD had smitten the river.

Ex 8:9,10 10:23 2Sa 24:13