1 He encourages the people to the work, by promise of greater glory to the second temple than was in the first.
10 In the type of holy things and unclean he shews their sins hindered the work.
20 God's promise to Zerubbabel.

the seventh. 10,20 1:15

the prophet. Heb. the hand of the prophet, etc. 1:1 2Pe 1:21

2 Speak now to Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to Joshua the son of Josedech, the high priest, and to the residue of the people, saying,

governor. 1:14 Ezr 1:8 2:63 Ne 8:9

3 Who is left among you that saw this house in her first glory? and how do ye see it now? is it not in your eyes in comparison of it as nothing?

is left. Ezr 3:12 Zec 4:9,10

glory. Eze 7:20 Lu 21:5,6

4 Yet now be strong, O Zerubbabel, saith the LORD; and be strong, O Joshua, son of Josedech, the high priest; and be strong, all ye people of the land, saith the LORD, and work: for I am with you, saith the LORD of hosts:

now. De 31:23 Jos 1:6,9 1Ch 22:13 28:20 Zec 8:9 1Co 16:13 Eph 6:10 2Ti 2:1

for. 1:13 Ex 3:12 Jud 2:18 1Sa 16:18 2Sa 5:10 Mr 16:20 Ac 7:9 2Ti 4:17

5 According to the word that I covenanted with you when ye came out of Egypt, so my spirit remaineth among you: fear ye not.

to the. Ex 29:45,46 33:12-14 34:8,10

so. Nu 11:25-29 Ne 9:20,30 Ps 51:11,12 Isa 63:11-14 Zec 4:6 Joh 14:16,17

fear. Jos 8:1 2Ch 20:17 Isa 41:10,13 Zec 8:13,15 Mt 28:5 Ac 27:24 Re 1:17

6 For thus saith the LORD of hosts; Yet once, it is a little while, and I will shake the heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land;

Yet. 21,22 Heb 12:26-28

it is. Ps 37:10 Isa 10:25 29:17 Jer 51:33 Heb 10:37

and I. Isa 34:4 Jer 4:23-26 Eze 38:20 Joe 2:30-32 3:16 Mt 24:29,30 Mr 13:24-26 Lu 21:25-27 Ac 2:19 Heb 12:26 Re 6:12-17 8:5-12 Re 11:9 6:2-17

7 And I will shake all nations, and the desire of all nations shall come: and I will fill this house with glory, saith the LORD of hosts.

I will shake. Eze 21:27 Da 2:44,45 7:20-25 Joe 3:9-16 Lu 21:10,11

and the. Ge 3:15 22:18 49:10 Zec 9:9,10 Lu 2:10,11,27,46 Ro 15:9-15 Ga 3:8

I will fill. Ex 40:34,35 1Ki 8:11 2Ch 5:14 Ps 80:1 Mal 3:1 Lu 19:47 20:1 Lu 21:38 Joh 1:14 2:13-17 7:37-39 10:23-38 Col 2:9

8 The silver is mine, and the gold is mine, saith the LORD of hosts.

1Ki 6:20-35 1Ch 29:14-16 Ps 24:1 50:10-12 Isa 60:13,17

9 The glory of this latter house shall be greater than of the former, saith the LORD of hosts: and in this place will I give peace, saith the LORD of hosts.

glory. Ps 24:7-10 Joh 1:14 2Co 3:9,10 1Ti 3:16 Jas 2:1

saith. Whoever compares the description of the temple of Solomon, in the first book of Kings, with the most splendid accounts of the second temple, however adorned with costly stones and other magnificent decorations in after ages, must perceive that the former, being wholly overlaid with pure gold, was incomparably more glorious than the latter in its greatest magnificence; and the Jews themselves allow that the ark of the covenant, fire from heaven, the {Urim} and {Thummim,} the anointing oil, the {Shechinah,} or visible glory, and the spirit of prophecy, which distinguished the former temple, were wanting in this. In nothing, in fact, could the second temple excel the first in glory, except in the personal presence of the Desire of all nations, He who is the glory of the Lord, and the true temple, in whom dwells all the fulness of the Godhead bodily, and who was the true {Shechinah,} of which that of Solomon's temple was merely a type. And if it be admitted that the presence of the promised Messiah was intended, then it will follow that Jesus of Nazareth was He; for the second temple, in which as the Prince of peace he preached peace and reconciliation with God, has been utterly destroyed for upwards of seventeen hundred years.

give. Ps 85:8,9 Isa 9:6,7 57:18-21 Mic 5:5 Lu 2:14 Joh 14:27 Ac 10:36 Eph 2:14-17 Col 1:19-21

10 In the four and twentieth day of the ninth month, in the second year of Darius, came the word of the LORD by Haggai the prophet, saying,

1,20 1:1,15

11 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Ask now the priests concerning the law, saying,

Le 10:10,11 De 33:10 Eze 44:23,24 Mal 2:7 Tit 1:9

12 If one bear holy flesh in the skirt of his garment, and with his skirt do touch bread, or pottage, or wine, or oil, or any meat, shall it be holy? And the priests answered and said, No.

Ex 29:37 Le 6:27,29 7:6 Eze 44:19 Mt 23:19

13 Then said Haggai, If one that is unclean by a dead body touch any of these, shall it be unclean? And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean.

Nu 5:2,3 9:6-10 19:11-22

14 Then answered Haggai, and said, So is this people, and so is this nation before me, saith the LORD; and so is every work of their hands; and that which they offer there is unclean.

So is this people. 1:4-11 Pr 15:8 21:4,27 28:9 Isa 1:11-15 Tit 1:15 Jude 23

and that. Ezr 3:2,3

15 And now, I pray you, consider from this day and upward, from before a stone was laid upon a stone in the temple of the LORD:

consider. 18 1:5,7 Ps 107:43 Isa 5:12 Ho 14:9 Mal 3:8-11 Ro 6:21 1Co 11:31

from before. Ezr 3:10 4:24

16 Since those days were, when one came to an heap of twenty measures, there were but ten: when one came to the pressfat for to draw out fifty vessels out of the press, there were but twenty.

when one came to an. 1:6,9-11 Pr 3:9,10 Zec 8:10-12 Mal 2:2

17 I smote you with blasting and with mildew and with hail in all the labours of your hands; yet ye turned not to me, saith the LORD.

with blasting. 1:9 Ge 42:6,23,27 De 28:22 1Ki 8:37 2Ch 6:28 Isa 37:27 Am 4:9

with hail. Ex 9:18-29 Isa 28:2

in all. 1:11 Ps 78:46 Isa 62:8 Jer 3:24

yet. 2Ch 28:22 Job 36:13 Isa 9:13 42:25 Jer 5:3 6:16,17 8:4-7 Ho 7:9,10 Am 4:8-11 Zec 1:2-4 7:9-13 Re 2:21 9:20,21

18 Consider now from this day and upward, from the four and twentieth day of the ninth month, even from the day that the foundation of the LORD's temple was laid, consider it.

Consider. 15 De 32:29 Lu 15:17-20

even. 1:14,15 Ezr 5:1,2 Zec 8:9,12

19 Is the seed yet in the barn? yea, as yet the vine, and the fig tree, and the pomegranate, and the olive tree, hath not brought forth: from this day will I bless you.

as. Hab 3:17,18

from. Ge 26:12 Le 26:3-13 De 15:10 28:2-15 Ps 84:12 128:1-5 133:3 Pr 3:9,10 Zec 8:11-15 Mal 3:10 Mt 6:33

20 And again the word of the LORD came unto Haggai in the four and twentieth day of the month, saying,

in the. 10

21 Speak to Zerubbabel, governor of Judah, saying, I will shake the heavens and the earth;

Zerubbabel. 1:1,14 1Ch 3:19 Ezr 2:2 5:2 Zec 4:6-10

I will. 6,7 Ps 46:6 Eze 26:15 38:19,20 Joe 3:16 Heb 12:26,27 Re 16:17-19

22 And I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the heathen; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.

overthrow. Isa 60:12 Eze 21:27 Da 2:34,35,44,45 7:25-27 8:25 Mic 5:8,15 Zep 3:8 Zec 10:11 12:2-5 14:3 Mt 24:7 Re 11:15

and I will overthrow the chariots. Ex 14:17,28 15:4,19 Ps 46:9 76:6 Eze 39:20 Mic 5:10 Zec 4:6 Zec 9:10

every. Jud 7:22 1Sa 14:16 2Ch 20:22 Isa 9:19 19:2

23 In that day, saith the LORD of hosts, will I take thee, O Zerubbabel, my servant, the son of Shealtiel, saith the LORD, and will make thee as a signet: for I have chosen thee, saith the LORD of hosts.

O Zerubbabel. It seems evident that the Messiah is here described under the name of Zerubbabel, as elsewhere under that of David, whose kingdom, after these mighty convulsions, should supersede all others.

and will. So 8:6 Jer 22:24 Joh 6:27 2Ti 2:19

for. Isa 42:1 43:10 49:1-3 Zec 4:6-14 Mt 12:18 1Pe 2:4