Isaiah 28
TSK
Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine!

A.M.3279. B.C.725
the crown. This chapter begins a new subject, chiefly relating to the devastations of Israel and Judah by the Assyrian kings. The ancient Samaria being beautifully situated on the top of a round hill, and surrounded immediately with a rich valley, and then a circle of other hills around it, suggested the idea of a chaplet, or wreath of flowers.

Isaiah 28:3 The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:

Hosea 5:5 And the pride of Israel does testify to his face: therefore shall …

Hosea 6:10 I have seen an horrible thing in the house of Israel: there is the …

drunkards

Isaiah 28:7 But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are …

Isaiah 5:11,22 Woe to them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow …

Proverbs 23:29 Who has woe? who has sorrow? who has contentions? who has babbling? …

Hosea 4:11 Prostitution and wine and new wine take away the heart.

Hosea 7:5 In the day of our king the princes have made him sick with bottles …

Amos 2:8,12 And they lay themselves down on clothes laid to pledge by every altar…

Amos 6:6 That drink wine in bowls, and anoint themselves with the chief ointments: …

whose

Isaiah 28:4 And the glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley, …

Isaiah 7:8,9 For the head of Syria is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin; …

Isaiah 8:4 For before the child shall have knowledge to cry, My father, and my mother…

2 Kings 14:25-27 He restored the coast of Israel from the entering of Hamath to the …

2 Kings 15:29 In the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglathpileser king of Assyria, …

2 Kings 18:10-12 And at the end of three years they took it: even in the sixth year …

2 Chronicles 28:6 For Pekah the son of Remaliah slew in Judah an hundred and twenty …

2 Chronicles 30:6,7 So the posts went with the letters from the king and his princes …

Amos 6:1 Woe to them that are at ease in Zion, and trust in the mountain of …

overcome. Heb. broken

Behold, the Lord hath a mighty and strong one, which as a tempest of hail and a destroying storm, as a flood of mighty waters overflowing, shall cast down to the earth with the hand.
The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:
And the glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley, shall be a fading flower, and as the hasty fruit before the summer; which when he that looketh upon it seeth, while it is yet in his hand he eateth it up.

shall be

Isaiah 28:1 Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious …

Psalm 73:19,20 How are they brought into desolation, as in a moment! they are utterly …

Hosea 6:4 O Ephraim, what shall I do to you? O Judah, what shall I do to you? …

Hosea 9:10,11,16 I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers …

Hosea 13:1,15 When Ephraim spoke trembling, he exalted himself in Israel; but when …

James 1:10,11 But the rich, in that he is made low: because as the flower of the …

the hasty. 'No sooner,' says Dr. Shaw, 'doth the boccore (or early fig) draw near to perfection in the middle or latter end of June, than the kermez, or summer fig, begins to be formed, though it rarely ripens before August; about which time the same tree frequently throws out a third crop, or winter fig, as we may call it. This is usually of a much longer shape and darker complexion than the kermez, hanging and ripening upon the tree, even after the leaves are shed; and provided the winter proves mild and temperate, is gathered as a delicious morsel in the spring.'

Micah 7:1 Woe is me! for I am as when they have gathered the summer fruits, …

Nahum 3:12 All your strong holds shall be like fig trees with the first ripe …

Revelation 6:13 And the stars of heaven fell to the earth, even as a fig tree casts …

eateth. Heb. swalloweth

In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of his people,
And for a spirit of judgment to him that sitteth in judgment, and for strength to them that turn the battle to the gate.
But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have erred through strong drink, they are swallowed up of wine, they are out of the way through strong drink; they err in vision, they stumble in judgment.

erred

Isaiah 19:14 The LORD has mingled a perverse spirit in the middle thereof: and …

Isaiah 56:10-12 His watchmen are blind: they are all ignorant, they are all dumb …

Leviticus 10:9,10 Do not drink wine nor strong drink, you, nor your sons with you, …

Proverbs 20:1 Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging: and whoever is deceived …

Proverbs 31:4,5 It is not for kings, O Lemuel, it is not for kings to drink wine; …

Ecclesiastes 10:17 Blessed are you, O land, when your king is the son of nobles, and …

Ezekiel 44:21 Neither shall any priest drink wine, when they enter into the inner court.

Hosea 4:11 Prostitution and wine and new wine take away the heart.

Micah 2:11 If a man walking in the spirit and falsehood do lie, saying, I will …

Matthew 24:29 Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be …

Luke 21:34 And take heed to yourselves, lest at any time your hearts be overcharged …

Ephesians 5:28 So ought men to love their wives as their own bodies. He that loves …

are swallowed

Psalm 107:27 They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man, and are at …

err in

Isaiah 3:12 As for my people, children are their oppressors, and women rule over …

Isaiah 9:16 For the leaders of this people cause them to err; and they that are …

Jeremiah 14:14 Then the LORD said to me, The prophets prophesy lies in my name: …

Jeremiah 23:13,16 And I have seen folly in the prophets of Samaria; they prophesied …

Lamentations 2:4 He has bent his bow like an enemy: he stood with his right hand as …

Ezekiel 13:7 Have you not seen a vain vision, and have you not spoken a lying …

Hosea 4:12 My people ask counsel at their stocks, and their staff declares to …

For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness, so that there is no place clean.
Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts.
For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little:
For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people.
To whom he said, This is the rest wherewith ye may cause the weary to rest; and this is the refreshing: yet they would not hear.
But the word of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little; that they might go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken.
Wherefore hear the word of the LORD, ye scornful men, that rule this people which is in Jerusalem.
Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, it shall not come unto us: for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood have we hid ourselves:

we have. To be in covenant with a thing, says Bp. Lowth, is a proverbial expression to denote perfect security from mischief or evil of which it is the cause.

Isaiah 5:18,19 Woe to them that draw iniquity with cords of vanity, and sin as it …

Ecclesiastes 8:8 There is no man that has power over the spirit to retain the spirit; …

Job 5:23 For you shall be in league with the stones of the field: and the …

Job 15:25-27 For he stretches out his hand against God, and strengthens himself …

Jeremiah 44:17 But we will certainly do whatever thing goes forth out of our own …

Ezekiel 8:12 Then said he to me, Son of man, have you seen what the ancients of …

Hosea 2:18 And in that day will I make a covenant for them with the beasts of …

Zephaniah 1:12 And it shall come to pass at that time, that I will search Jerusalem …

when

Isaiah 8:7,8 Now therefore, behold, the Lord brings up on them the waters of the …

Daniel 11:22 And with the arms of a flood shall they be overflowed from before …

we have made

Isaiah 30:10 Which say to the seers, See not; and to the prophets, Prophesy not …

Jeremiah 5:31 The prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their …

Jeremiah 14:13 Then said I, Ah, Lord GOD! behold, the prophets say to them, You …

Jeremiah 16:19 O LORD, my strength, and my fortress, and my refuge in the day of …

Jeremiah 28:15-17 Then said the prophet Jeremiah to Hananiah the prophet, Hear now, …

Ezekiel 13:16,22 To wit, the prophets of Israel which prophesy concerning Jerusalem, …

Amos 2:4 Thus said the LORD; For three transgressions of Judah, and for four, …

Jonah 2:8 They that observe lying vanities forsake their own mercy.

2 Thessalonians 2:9-11 Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power …

Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.
Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place.

judgment

Isaiah 10:22 For though your people Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant …

2 Kings 21:13 And I will stretch over Jerusalem the line of Samaria, and the plummet …

Psalm 94:15 But judgment shall return to righteousness: and all the upright in …

Amos 7:7-9 Thus he showed me: and, behold, the LORD stood on a wall made by …

Romans 2:2,5 But we are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth against …

Romans 9:28 For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness: because …

Revelation 19:2 For true and righteous are his judgments: for he has judged the great …

and the hail

Isaiah 28:2,15 Behold, the Lord has a mighty and strong one, which as a tempest …

Isaiah 25:4 For you have been a strength to the poor, a strength to the needy …

Isaiah 32:2,18,19 And a man shall be as an hiding place from the wind, and a covert …

Exodus 9:18,19 Behold, to morrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very …

Joshua 10:11 And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, and were in …

Jeremiah 7:4-8,14,20 Trust you not in lying words, saying, The temple of the LORD, The …

Jeremiah 23:19 Behold, a whirlwind of the LORD is gone forth in fury, even a grievous …

Jeremiah 30:23,24 Behold, the whirlwind of the LORD goes forth with fury, a continuing …

Ezekiel 13:10-16 Because, even because they have seduced my people, saying, Peace; …

Ezekiel 38:22 And I will plead against him with pestilence and with blood; and …

Revelation 8:7 The first angel sounded, and there followed hail and fire mingled …

Revelation 11:19 And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in …

Revelation 16:21 And there fell on men a great hail out of heaven, every stone about …

and the waters

Isaiah 30:28 And his breath, as an overflowing stream, shall reach to the middle …

Job 22:16 Which were cut down out of time, whose foundation was overflowed with a flood:

Daniel 11:22 And with the arms of a flood shall they be overflowed from before …

Matthew 7:27 And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, …

2 Peter 3:6,7 Whereby the world that then was, being overflowed with water, perished…

And your covenant with death shall be disannulled, and your agreement with hell shall not stand; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it.

your covenant

Isaiah 7:7 Thus said the Lord GOD, It shall not stand, neither shall it come to pass.

Isaiah 8:10 Take counsel together, and it shall come to nothing; speak the word, …

Jeremiah 44:28 Yet a small number that escape the sword shall return out of the …

Ezekiel 17:15 But he rebelled against him in sending his ambassadors into Egypt, …

Zechariah 1:6 But my words and my statutes, which I commanded my servants the prophets, …

shall be disannulled. For kuppar, Houbigant, Archbp. Secker, and Bp. Lowth, would read tuppar; but the former may well have the sense ascribed to it here, as it signifies in Chaldee and Syriac.

when

Isaiah 2:15 And on every high tower, and on every fenced wall,

Isaiah 8:8 And he shall pass through Judah; he shall overflow and go over, he …

Jeremiah 47:2 Thus said the LORD; Behold, waters rise up out of the north, and …

Daniel 8:9-13 And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding …

Daniel 9:26,27 And after three score and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but …

Daniel 11:40 And at the time of the end shall the king of the south push at him: …

Revelation 12:15 And the serpent cast out of his mouth water as a flood after the …

Revelation 17:15 And he said to me, The waters which you saw, where the whore sits, …

trodden down by it. Heb. a treading down to it

Isaiah 28:3 The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:

Malachi 4:1-3 For, behold, the day comes, that shall burn as an oven; and all the …

From the time that it goeth forth it shall take you: for morning by morning shall it pass over, by day and by night: and it shall be a vexation only to understand the report.
For the bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it: and the covering narrower than that he can wrap himself in it.
For the LORD shall rise up as in mount Perazim, he shall be wroth as in the valley of Gibeon, that he may do his work, his strange work; and bring to pass his act, his strange act.
Now therefore be ye not mockers, lest your bands be made strong: for I have heard from the Lord GOD of hosts a consumption, even determined upon the whole earth.

be ye

Isaiah 28:15 Because you have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with …

2 Chronicles 30:10 So the posts passed from city to city through the country of Ephraim …

2 Chronicles 36:16 But they mocked the messengers of God, and despised his words, and …

Jeremiah 15:17 I sat not in the assembly of the mockers, nor rejoiced; I sat alone …

Jeremiah 20:7 O LORD, you have deceived me, and I was deceived; you are stronger …

Matthew 27:39,44 And they that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads…

Acts 13:40,41 Beware therefore, lest that come on you, which is spoken of in the prophets…

Acts 17:32 And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: …

lest

2 Chronicles 33:11 Why the LORD brought on them the captains of the host of the king …

Psalm 107:16 For he has broken the gates of brass, and cut the bars of iron in sunder.

Jeremiah 39:7 Moreover he put out Zedekiah's eyes, and bound him with chains, to …

Lamentations 1:14 The yoke of my transgressions is bound by his hand: they are wreathed, …

Revelation 22:18,19 For I testify to every man that hears the words of the prophecy of …

a consumption

Isaiah 10:22,23 For though your people Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant …

Isaiah 24:1 Behold, the LORD makes the earth empty, and makes it waste, and turns …

Isaiah 32:12-14 They shall lament for the teats, for the pleasant fields, for the …

Jeremiah 25:11 And this whole land shall be a desolation, and an astonishment; and …

Daniel 9:26,27 And after three score and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but …

Luke 21:24 And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away …

Give ye ear, and hear my voice; hearken, and hear my speech.
Doth the plowman plow all day to sow? doth he open and break the clods of his ground?
When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and cast in the principal wheat and the appointed barley and the rie in their place?

in the principal, etc. or, the wheat in the principal place, and the barley in the appointed place.

rye. or, spelt

Exodus 9:31,32 And the flax and the barley was smitten: for the barley was in the …

Ezekiel 4:9 Take you also to you wheat, and barley, and beans, and lentils, and …

place. Heb. border

For his God doth instruct him to discretion, and doth teach him.
For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.
Bread corn is bruised; because he will not ever be threshing it, nor break it with the wheel of his cart, nor bruise it with his horsemen.
This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in working.
Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge by R. A. Torrey [ca. 1880]
Expanded version courtesy INT Bible ©2013, Used by permission

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