1 Under the parable of a vineyard, God excuses his severe judgment
8 His judgments upon covetousness
11 Upon lasciviousness
13 Upon impiety
20 And upon injustice
26 The executioners of God's judgments

now De 31:19-22 Jud 5:1 Ps 45:1 101:1

well beloved So 2:16 5:2,16 6:3

touching Isa 27:2,3 Ps 80:8 So 8:11,12 Jer 2:21 Mt 21:33 Mr 12:1 Lu 20:9 Joh 15:1

a very fruitful hill. Heb. the horn of the son of oil

2 And he fenced it, and gathered out the stones thereof, and planted it with the choicest vine, and built a tower in the midst of it, and also made a winepress therein: and he looked that it should bring forth grapes, and it brought forth wild grapes.

fenced it. or, made a wall about it Ex 33:16 Nu 23:9 De 32:8,9 Ps 44:1-3 Ro 9:4

planted Jer 2:21

the choicest vine. Sorek, in Arabic, sharik, certainly denotes an excellent vine; but some with Bp. Lowth, retain it as a proper name. Sorek was a valley lying between Askelon and Gaza, so called from the excellence of its vines. Jud 16:4

and built Isa 1:8 Mic 4:8

made. Heb. hewed
a winepress Isa 63:2,3 Ne 13:15 Re 14:18-20

he looked Isa 5:7 1:2-4,21-23 De 32:6 Mt 21:34 Mr 11:13 12:1 Lu 13:7 20:10 1Co 9:7

wild grapes De 32:32,33 Ho 10:1

3 And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.

judge Ps 50:4-6 51:4 Jer 2:4,5 Mic 6:2,3 Mt 21:40,41 Mr 12:9-12 Lu 20:15,16 Ro 2:5 3:4

4 What could have been done more to my vineyard, that I have not done in it? wherefore, when I looked that it should bring forth grapes, brought it forth wild grapes?

Isa 1:5 2Ch 36:14-16 Jer 2:30,31 6:29,30 Eze 24:13 Mt 23:37 Ac 7:51

5 And now go to; I will tell you what I will do to my vineyard: I will take away the hedge thereof, and it shall be eaten up; and break down the wall thereof, and it shall be trodden down:

go to Ge 11:4,7

I will take Isa 27:10,11 Le 26:31-35 De 28:49-52 2Ch 36:4-10 Ne 2:3 Ps 74:1-10 80:12-16 La 1:2-9 4:12

trodden down. Heb. for a treading Isa 10:6 25:10 28:3,18 La 1:15 Da 8:13 Lu 21:24 Re 11:2

6 And I will lay it waste: it shall not be pruned, nor digged; but there shall come up briers and thorns: I will also command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it.

I will lay Isa 5:9,10 6:11,12 24:1-3,12 32:13,14 Le 26:33-35 De 29:23 2Ch 36:19-21 Jer 25:11 45:4 Lu 21:24

it shall Isa 7:23-25 Ho 3:4

also Isa 30:23 De 28:23,24 Am 4:7 Zec 14:16,17 Heb 6:6-8 Re 11:6

7 For the vineyard of the LORD of hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for judgment, but behold oppression; for righteousness, but behold a cry.

the vineyard Ps 80:8-11,15 Jer 12:10

his pleasant plant. Heb. plant of his pleasures Isa 62:5 Ps 147:11 149:4 So 7:6 Zep 3:17

he looked Isa 5:2 58:6-8 Ex 22:22-27 Mic 6:8 Zec 7:9-14 Mt 3:8-10 23:23 Joh 15:2 1Co 6:8-11 1Jo 3:7,8

but. The paronomasia, or play of words, is very remarkable here: he looked for mishpat, judgment, but behold mispach, oppression; for tzedakah, justice, but behold tzedkah, a cry.

oppression. Heb. a scab Isa 1:6 3:17

a cry Ge 4:10 Ex 2:23,24 3:7 22:21-24,27 De 15:9 Ne 5:1-5 Job 31:38,39 34:28 Pr 21:13 Lu 18:7 Jas 5:4

8 Woe unto them that join house to house, that lay field to field, till there be no place, that they may be placed alone in the midst of the earth!

them Jer 22:13-17 Mic 2:2 Hab 2:9-12 Mt 23:14 Lu 12:16-24

field 1Ki 21:16-20

they. Heb. ye placed Eze 11:15 33:24

9 In mine ears said the LORD of hosts, Of a truth many houses shall be desolate, even great and fair, without inhabitant.

in mine ears, said. or. This is in mine ears, saith, etc. Isa 22:14 Am 3:7

of a truth, etc. Heb. if not many houses desolate, etc.
desolate Isa 5:6 27:10 2Ch 36:21 Am 5:11 6:11 Mt 22:7 23:38

10 Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.

one Le 27:16 Eze 45:10,11 Joe 1:17 Hag 1:9-11

11 Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink; that continue until night, till wine inflame them!

rise Isa 5:22 28:1 Pr 23:29,30 Ec 10:16,17 Ho 7:5,6 Hab 2:15 Lu 21:34 Ro 13:13 1Co 6:10 Ga 5:21 1Th 5:6,7

inflame. or, pursue Isa 28:7,8 Pr 20:1 23:32

12 And the harp, and the viol, the tabret, and pipe, and wine, are in their feasts: but they regard not the work of the LORD, neither consider the operation of his hands.

the harp Isa 22:13 Ge 31:27 Job 21:11-14 Da 5:1-4,23 Am 6:4-6 Lu 16:19 Jude 1:12

they regard Isa 5:19 Job 34:27 Ps 28:5 92:5,6 Ho 4:10,11

13 Therefore my people are gone into captivity, because they have no knowledge: and their honourable men are famished, and their multitude dried up with thirst.

my people Isa 1:7 42:22-25 2Ki 17:6 2Ch 28:5-8

because Isa 1:3 27:11 Jer 8:7 Ho 4:6 Mt 23:16-27 Lu 19:44 Joh 3:19,20 Ro 1:28 2Pe 3:5

honourable men are famished. Heb. glory are men of famine Jer 14:18 La 4:4,5,9

multitude Jer 14:3 Am 8:13

14 Therefore hell hath enlarged herself, and opened her mouth without measure: and their glory, and their multitude, and their pomp, and he that rejoiceth, shall descend into it.

hell Isa 14:9 30:33 Ps 49:14 Pr 27:20 Eze 32:18-30 Hab 2:5 Mt 7:13 Re 20:13-15

opened Nu 16:30-34 Pr 1:12

he that rejoiceth Isa 21:4 1Sa 25:36-38 2Sa 13:28,29 Ps 55:15 Da 5:3-6,30 Na 1:10 Lu 12:19,20 16:20-23 17:27 21:34 Ac 12:21-23

15 And the mean man shall be brought down, and the mighty man shall be humbled, and the eyes of the lofty shall be humbled:

the mean Isa 2:9,11,17 9:14-17 24:2-4 Ps 62:9 Jer 5:4,5,9 Jas 1:9-11 Re 6:15,16

the eyes Isa 10:12 13:11 37:23,29 Ex 9:17 Da 4:37 1Pe 5:5

16 But the LORD of hosts shall be exalted in judgment, and God that is holy shall be sanctified in righteousness.

the Lord Isa 12:4 1Ch 29:11 Ps 9:16 21:13 46:10 Eze 28:22 38:23 Ro 2:5 Re 19:1-5

God that is holy. or, the holy God. Heb. the God the holy Isa 6:3 57:15 Re 3:7 4:8 15:3,4

sanctified Isa 8:13 29:23 Le 10:3 Eze 36:23 1Pe 1:16 2:15

17 Then shall the lambs feed after their manner, and the waste places of the fat ones shall strangers eat.

shall the lambs Isa 7:21,22,25 17:2 32:14 40:11 65:10 Zep 2:6,14

the waste Isa 10:16 De 32:15 Ps 17:10,14 73:7 119:70 Jer 5:28 Am 4:1-3

strangers Isa 1:7 De 28:33 Ne 9:37 La 5:2 Ho 8:7 Lu 21:24

18 Woe unto them that draw iniquity with cords of vanity, and sin as it were with a cart rope:

draw Isa 28:15 Jud 17:5,13 2Sa 16:20-23 Ps 10:11 14:1 36:2 94:5-11 Jer 5:31 8:5-9 23:10,14,24 28:15,16 44:15-19 Eze 13:10,11,22 Zep 1:12 Joh 16:2 Ac 26:9

19 That say, Let him make speed, and hasten his work, that we may see it: and let the counsel of the Holy One of Israel draw nigh and come, that we may know it!

let him Isa 66:5 Jer 5:12,13 17:15 Eze 12:22,27 Am 5:18,19 2Pe 3:3,4

let the Isa 30:11 Jer 33:18

20 Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness; that put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!

them Pr 17:15 Mal 2:17 3:15 Mt 6:23 15:3-6 23:16-23 Lu 11:35 16:15 2Ti 3:1-5 2Pe 2:1,18,19

call evil good. Heb. say concerning evil. It is good, etc.

21 Woe unto them that are wise in their own eyes, and prudent in their own sight!

wise Job 11:12 Pr 3:7 26:12,16 Joh 9:41 Ro 1:22 11:25 12:16 1Co 3:18-20

in their own sight. Heb. before their face

22 Woe unto them that are mighty to drink wine, and men of strength to mingle strong drink:

mighty Isa 5:11 28:1-3,7 Pr 23:19,20 Hab 2:15

23 Which justify the wicked for reward, and take away the righteousness of the righteous from him!

justify Ex 23:6-9 Pr 17:15 24:24 31:4,5

for reward Isa 1:23 De 16:19 2Ch 19:7 Pr 17:23 Mic 3:11 7:3

take Isa 10:2 1Ki 21:13 Ps 94:21 Mt 23:35 27:24,25 Jas 5:6

24 Therefore as the fire devoureth the stubble, and the flame consumeth the chaff, so their root shall be as rottenness, and their blossom shall go up as dust: because they have cast away the law of the LORD of hosts, and despised the word of the Holy One of Israel.

fire. Heb. tongue of fire
devoureth Isa 47:14 Ex 15:7 Joe 2:5 Na 1:10 Mal 4:1 1Co 3:12,13

the flame Mt 3:12 Lu 3:17

their root Isa 9:14-17 Job 18:16 Ho 9:16 Am 2:9

cast away 1Sa 15:23,26 2Ki 17:14,15 Ne 9:26 Ps 50:17 Jer 6:19 8:9 Lu 7:30 Joh 12:48 Heb 10:28,29

despised Isa 30:12 2Sa 12:9,10 Lu 10:16 Ac 13:41 1Th 4:9

25 Therefore is the anger of the LORD kindled against his people, and he hath stretched forth his hand against them, and hath smitten them: and the hills did tremble, and their carcases were torn in the midst of the streets. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.

the anger De 31:17 32:19-22 2Ki 13:3 22:13-17 2Ch 36:16 Ps 106:40 La 2:1-3 5:22 1Th 2:16

stretched Isa 14:26,27

the hills Ps 18:7 68:8 77:18 114:7 Jer 4:24 Mic 1:4 Na 1:5 Hab 3:10 Re 20:11

torn. or, as dung 1Ki 14:11 16:4 21:24 2Ki 9:37 Ps 83:10 Jer 8:2 9:22 15:3 16:4 Zep 1:17

for all Isa 9:12,13,17,21 10:4 Le 26:14 Ps 78:38 Da 9:16 Ho 14:4

26 And he will lift up an ensign to the nations from far, and will hiss unto them from the end of the earth: and, behold, they shall come with speed swiftly:

he will Isa 11:12 18:3 Jer 51:27

hiss Isa 7:18 Zec 10:8

end Isa 39:3 De 28:49 Ps 72:8 Jer 5:15 Mal 1:11

they Isa 30:16 Jer 4:13 La 4:19 Joe 2:7 Hab 1:8

27 None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken:

shall be Joe 2:7,8

neither Isa 11:5 45:1,5 1Ki 2:5 Job 12:18,21 Ps 18:32 93:1 Da 5:6 Eph 6:13,14

nor the latchet De 32:25

28 Whose arrows are sharp, and all their bows bent, their horses' hoofs shall be counted like flint, and their wheels like a whirlwind:

arrows Ps 45:5 120:4 Jer 5:16 Eze 21:9-11

their horses Jud 5:22 Jer 47:3 Mic 4:13 Na 2:3,4 3:2

29 Their roaring shall be like a lion, they shall roar like young lions: yea, they shall roar, and lay hold of the prey, and shall carry it away safe, and none shall deliver it.

roaring Isa 31:4 Ge 49:9 Nu 24:9 Jer 4:7 49:19 50:17 Ho 11:10 Am 3:8 Zec 11:3

lay hold Isa 42:22 49:24,25 Ps 50:22 Mic 5:8

30 And in that day they shall roar against them like the roaring of the sea: and if one look unto the land, behold darkness and sorrow, and the light is darkened in the heavens thereof.

like Ps 93:3,4 Jer 6:23 50:42 Lu 21:25

if one look Isa 8:22 13:10 Ex 10:21-23 Jer 4:23-28 La 3:2 Eze 32:7,8 Joe 2:10 Am 8:9 Mt 24:29 Lu 21:25,26 Re 6:12 16:10,11

sorrow. or, distress
and the light, etc. or, when it is light, it shall be dark in the destructions thereof