1 Jeremiah, reproving the Jews' disobedience to the prophets,
8 foretells the seventy years' captivity;
12 and after that, the destruction of Babylon.
15 Under the type of a cup of wine he foreshews the destruction of all nations.
34 The howling of the shepherds.

A.M. 3398. B.C. 606. In the. 36:1 46:2 2Ki 24:1,2 Da 1:1

the first. Nebuchadnezzar was associated with his father Nabopollasar two years before the death of the latter; and from this time the Jewish computation of Nebuchadnezzar's reign begins; that is, from the end of the third year of Jehoiakim; and therefore, according to them, the fourth year of Jehoiakim was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar. But the Babylonians date the commencement of his reign two years later, that is, on the death of his father; which computation is followed by Daniel, who wrote in Chaldee.

2 The which Jeremiah the prophet spake unto all the people of Judah, and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, saying,

18:11 19:14,15 26:2 35:13 38:1,2 Ps 49:1,2 Mr 7:14-16

3 From the thirteenth year of Josiah the son of Amon king of Judah, even unto this day, that is the three and twentieth year, the word of the LORD hath come unto me, and I have spoken unto you, rising early and speaking; but ye have not hearkened.

thirteenth. 1:2 1Ki 22:3 2Ch 34:3,8

rising. 4 7:13 11:7 29:19 35:15 44:4 Ge 22:3 Ex 8:20 Ps 81:13 Isa 55:2 Mr 1:35 Joh 8:2,47 2Ti 4:2

4 And the LORD hath sent unto you all his servants the prophets, rising early and sending them; but ye have not hearkened, nor inclined your ear to hear.

all. Urijah the son of Shemaiah, and Huldah the prophetess, lived about this time. Zephaniah also prophesied during part of the time; and it is probable that Habakkuk was contemporary with them.

rising. 7:25 11:7 26:5 29:19 32:33 35:14,15 44:4,5 2Ch 36:15,16

ye. 3,7 7:24-26 11:8-10 13:10,11 16:12 17:23 18:12 19:15 22:21 36:31 Zec 7:11,12 Ac 7:51,52 Heb 12:25

5 They said, Turn ye again now every one from his evil way, and from the evil of your doings, and dwell in the land that the LORD hath given unto you and to your fathers for ever and ever:

Turn. See on ch. 18:11 35:15 2Ki 17:13,14 Isa 55:6,7 Eze 18:30 33:11 Jon 3:8-10 Zec 1:4,5 Lu 13:3-5 Ac 26:20 Jas 4:8-10

for. 7:7 17:25 Ge 17:8 Ps 37:27 105:10,11

6 And go not after other gods to serve them, and to worship them, and provoke me not to anger with the works of your hands; and I will do you no hurt.

7:6,9 35:15 Ex 20:3,23 De 6:14 8:19 13:2 28:14 Jos 24:20 1Ki 11:4-10 14:22 2Ki 17:35

7 Yet ye have not hearkened unto me, saith the LORD; that ye might provoke me to anger with the works of your hands to your own hurt.

that ye. See on ch. 7:18,19 32:30-33 De 32:21 2Ki 17:17 21:15 Ne 9:26 Pr 8:36

8 Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts; Because ye have not heard my words,

no reference

9 Behold, I will send and take all the families of the north, saith the LORD, and Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon, my servant, and will bring them against this land, and against the inhabitants thereof, and against all these nations round about, and will utterly destroy them, and make them an astonishment, and an hissing, and perpetual desolations.

I. 1:15 5:15,16 6:1,22-26 8:16 Le 26:25 De 28:45-50 Pr 21:1 Isa 5:26-30 10:5 39:7 Hab 1:6-10

Nebuchadrezzar. 27:6 40:2 43:10 Isa 13:3 44:28 45:1 Eze 29:18-20

against. 17-26 27:3-8 Eze 26:7 29:19 30:10,11

an astonishment. 18:16 24:9 1Ki 9:7,8

10 Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the candle.

take from. Heb. cause to perish from. Es 3:13 7:4 8:11

voice of mirth. 7:34 16:9 33:10,11 Isa 24:7-12 Eze 26:13 Ho 2:11 Re 18:22,23

the sound. Sir J. Chardin remarks, that in the East, every where in the morning may be heard the noise of the mills, which often awakens people; for they generally grind every day just as much as may be necessary for the day's consumption. Where, then, the noise of the mill is not heard in the morning, nor the light of the candle seen in the evening, there must be an utter desolation.

Ec 12:2-4

11 And this whole land shall be a desolation, and an astonishment; and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy years.

seventy. This prophecy was delivered in the fourth year of Jehoiakim, and began to be accomplished immediately; and it was exactly seventy years from this time to the proclamation of Cyrus for the return of the Jews.

12 2Ch 36:21,22 Isa 23:15-17 Da 7:2 Zec 7:5

12 And it shall come to pass, when seventy years are accomplished, that I will punish the king of Babylon, and that nation, saith the LORD, for their iniquity, and the land of the Chaldeans, and will make it perpetual desolations.

when. 29:10 2Ki 24:1 Ezr 1:1,2 Da 9:2

that I. 14 50:1 51:1 De 32:35-42 Isa 13:1 14:1 21:1 46:1 47:1 Da 5:1 Hab 2:1 Re 18:1

punish. Heb. visit upon. 23:2

perpetual. 50:3,13,23,39,40,45 51:25,26,62-64 Isa 13:19 14:23 15:6 Isa 20:1 47:1 Eze 35:9

13 And I will bring upon that land all my words which I have pronounced against it, even all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah hath prophesied against all the nations.

hath. 1:5,10 Da 5:28,31 Re 10:11

14 For many nations and great kings shall serve themselves of them also: and I will recompense them according to their deeds, and according to the works of their own hands.

many. 27:7 50:9,41 51:6,27,28 Isa 14:2 45:1-3 Da 5:28 Hab 2:8-16

I. 50:29-34 51:6,20-27,35-41 Ps 137:8 Isa 66:6 Re 18:20-24

15 For thus saith the LORD God of Israel unto me; Take the wine cup of this fury at my hand, and cause all the nations, to whom I send thee, to drink it.

Take. 13:12-14 Job 21:20 Ps 11:6 75:8 Isa 51:17,22 Re 14:10,19

all. 27-33

16 And they shall drink, and be moved, and be mad, because of the sword that I will send among them.

27 51:7,39 La 3:15 4:21 Eze 23:32-34 Na 3:11 Re 14:8,10 Re 16:9-11 18:3

17 Then took I the cup at the LORD's hand, and made all the nations to drink, unto whom the LORD had sent me:

and made. 28 1:10 27:3 46:1 47:1 48:1 49:1 50:1 51:1 Eze 43:3

18 To wit, Jerusalem, and the cities of Judah, and the kings thereof, and the princes thereof, to make them a desolation, an astonishment, an hissing, and a curse; as it is this day;

Jerusalem. 1:10 19:3-9 21:6-10 Ps 60:3 Isa 51:17-22 Eze 9:5-8 Da 9:12 Am 2:5 3:2 1Pe 4:17

to make. 9,11 24:9 Jos 6:18 2Ki 22:19

as it. 44:22 1Ki 8:24 Ezr 9:7 Ne 9:36

19 Pharaoh king of Egypt, and his servants, and his princes, and all his people;

Pharaoh. 43:9-11 46:2,13-26 Eze 29:1 30:1 31:1 32:1 Na 3:8-10

20 And all the mingled people, and all the kings of the land of Uz, and all the kings of the land of the Philistines, and Ashkelon, and Azzah, and Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod,

the mingled. 24 50:37 Ex 12:38 Eze 30:5

Uz. Ge 10:23 22:21 1Ch 1:17 Job 1:1 La 4:21

Philistines. 47:1 Eze 25:15-17 Am 1:6-8 Zep 2:4-7 Zec 9:5-7

Ashkelon, Gaza. 1Sa 6:17

remnant. Isa 20:1 Am 1:8 Ne 13:23-27

21 Edom, and Moab, and the children of Ammon,

Edom. 27:3 49:7-22 Ps 137:7 Isa 34:1 63:1-6 La 4:21,22 Eze 25:12-14 32:29 35:1 Am 1:11,12 Ob 1:1-16,18 Mal 1:2-4

Moab. 9:26 48:1 Isa 15:1 16:1 25:10 Eze 25:8-11 Am 2:1-3 Zep 2:8-10

the. 49:1-6 Eze 25:2-7 Am 1:13-15

22 And all the kings of Tyrus, and all the kings of Zidon, and the kings of the isles which are beyond the sea,

Tyrus. 27:3 47:4 Eze 26:1 27:1 28:1-19 29:18 Am 1:9,10 Zec 9:2-4

Zidon. Eze 28:22,23 32:30 Joe 3:4-8

isles which are beyond the sea. or, region by the sea side. 49:23-27 Am 1:3-5 Zec 9:1

23 Dedan, and Tema, and Buz, and all that are in the utmost corners,

Dedan. 49:8 Ge 10:7 22:21 25:15 1Ch 1:30 Job 6:19 Isa 21:13,14 Eze 25:13 27:20

in the utmost corners. Heb. cut off into corners, or having the corners of the hair polled. 9:1 26:1 49:32

24 And all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the mingled people that dwell in the desert,

Arabia. 1Ki 10:15 2Ch 9:14 Isa 21:13 Eze 27:21

the mingled. 20 49:28-33 50:37 Ge 25:2-4,12-16 37:25-28 Eze 30:5

25 And all the kings of Zimri, and all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes,

Zimri. Ge 25:2

Elam. 49:34 Ge 10:22 14:1 Isa 11:11 22:6 Eze 32:24 Da 8:2

Medes. 51:11,28 Isa 13:17 Da 5:28

26 And all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another, and all the kingdoms of the world, which are upon the face of the earth: and the king of Sheshach shall drink after them.

all the kings. 9 50:9 Eze 32:30

and the. 51:41

drink. 12 50:1 51:1 Isa 13:1 14:1 47:1 Da 5:1 Hab 2:16 Re 18:1

27 Therefore thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Drink ye, and be drunken, and spue, and fall, and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.

Drink. Isa 51:21 63:6 La 4:21 Hab 2:16

because. 16 12:12 46:10,14 47:6,7 50:35 De 32:42 Eze 21:4,5 Eze 24:21-25

28 And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thine hand to drink, then shalt thou say unto them, Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Ye shall certainly drink.

if. Job 34:33

ye. 4:28 51:29 Isa 14:27-27 46:10,11 Da 4:35 Ac 4:28 Eph 1:11

29 For, lo, I begin to bring evil on the city which is called by my name, and should ye be utterly unpunished? Ye shall not be unpunished: for I will call for a sword upon all the inhabitants of the earth, saith the LORD of hosts.

I begin. 49:12 Pr 11:31 Eze 9:6 38:21 Ob 1:16 Lu 23:31 1Pe 4:17

which is called by my name. Heb. upon which my name is called. 1Ki 8:43 Da 9:18,19

ye shall. 30:11 46:28 Pr 11:21 17:5

I will. Eze 14:17,21 38:21 Zec 13:7

30 Therefore prophesy thou against them all these words, and say unto them, The LORD shall roar from on high, and utter his voice from his holy habitation; he shall mightily roar upon his habitation; he shall give a shout, as they that tread the grapes, against all the inhabitants of the earth.

roar. Isa 42:13 Ho 5:14 13:7,8 Joe 2:11-13 3:16 Am 1:2 3:8

his holy. 17:12 De 26:15 1Ki 9:3 2Ch 30:27 Ps 11:4 58:5 132:14 Zec 2:13

give. 48:33 Ps 78:65 Isa 16:9 Re 14:18-20 19:15

31 A noise shall come even to the ends of the earth; for the LORD hath a controversy with the nations, he will plead with all flesh; he will give them that are wicked to the sword, saith the LORD.

A noise. This dreadful devastations made by the Chaldeans through all the nations of the East, and afterwards the destruction of Babylon by the Medes and Persians, are here primarily foretold in this awful language; but it also accords very much with the passages in which the ruin of all the anti- christian powers is evidently predicted.

45:5 Isa 34:8 Ho 4:1 12:2 Mic 6:2

plead. Isa 66:16 Eze 20:35,36 38:22 Joe 3:2

32 Thus saith the LORD of hosts, Behold, evil shall go forth from nation to nation, and a great whirlwind shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth.

evil. 2Ch 15:6 Isa 34:2 66:18 Lu 21:10,25

and a. 23:19 30:23 Isa 5:28 30:30 Zep 3:8

33 And the slain of the LORD shall be at that day from one end of the earth even unto the other end of the earth: they shall not be lamented, neither gathered, nor buried; they shall be dung upon the ground.

the slain. 18-26 13:12-14 Isa 34:2-8 66:16 Zep 2:12 Re 14:19,20 Re 19:17-21

they shall not. 8:2 9:21,22 16:4-7 Ps 79:3 83:10 Eze 39:4-20 Re 11:9

they shall be. 2Ki 9:37 Isa 5:25

34 Howl, ye shepherds, and cry; and wallow yourselves in the ashes, ye principal of the flock: for the days of your slaughter and of your dispersions are accomplished; and ye shall fall like a pleasant vessel.

Howl. 23,36 4:8,9 Eze 34:16 Jas 5:1,2

ye shepherds. Ye kings and chiefs of the people. wallow. 6:26 48:26 Eze 27:30,31

ye principal. Eze 34:17,20

the days of your. Heb. your days for. 12 27:7 51:20-26 Isa 10:12 33:1 La 4:21

ye shall. 19:10-12 22:28 Ps 2:9 Isa 30:14

pleasant vessel. Heb. vessel of desire. 3:19 2Ch 36:10 Isa 2:16 Da 11:8 Am 5:11

35 And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the principal of the flock to escape.

the shepherds. Heb. flight shall perish from the shepherds, and escaping from. 32:4 34:3 38:18,23 Job 11:20 Isa 2:12-22 24:21-23 Eze 17:15 Da 5:30 Am 2:14 9:1 Re 6:14-17 19:19-21

nor. 48:44 52:8-11,24-27 Am 9:1-3

36 A voice of the cry of the shepherds, and an howling of the principal of the flock, shall be heard: for the LORD hath spoiled their pasture.

See on ver. 34 4:8

37 And the peaceable habitations are cut down because of the fierce anger of the LORD.

Isa 27:10,11 32:14

38 He hath forsaken his covert, as the lion: for their land is desolate because of the fierceness of the oppressor, and because of his fierce anger.

hath. 4:7 5:6 49:19 50:44 Ps 76:2 Ho 5:14 11:10 13:7,8 Am 8:8 Zec 2:3

desolate. Heb. a desolation. 12