1-5 Five kings war against Gibeon 6-9 Joshua rescues it 10,11 God fights against them with hailstones 12-15 The sun and moon stand still at the word of Joshua 16-21 The five kings are murdered in a cave 22,23 They are brought forth 24,25 scornfully used 26,27 and hanged 28-42 Seven kings more are conquered 43 Joshua returns to Gilgal

Adoni-zedec Ge 14:18 Heb 7:1

as he had Jos 6:21 8:2,22-29

how the Jos 9:15-27 11:19,20

2 That they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men thereof were mighty.

they feared Jos 2:9-13,24 Ex 15:14-16 De 11:25 28:10 Ps 48:4-6 Pr 1:26,27 10:24 Heb 10:27,31 Re 6:15-17

Gibeon Gibeon was situated on an eminence, as its name imports, 40 furlongs north from Jerusalem, according to Josephus.

The royal cities [heb] cities of the kingdom 1Sa 27:5 2Sa 12:26

3 Wherefore Adonizedec king of Jerusalem, sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying,

king of Jerusalem Jos 10:1,5 12:10-13 15:25-39,54,63

hebron Hebron was situated on an eminence, 20 miles south of Jerusalem, and the same distance north of Beersheba. It is now called El Khalil, `the well-beloved,' the usual epithet which the Turks and Arabs apply to Abraham, whose sepulchral cave they still shew; over which St. Helena built a magnificent church. Its original site was on an eminence, at the southern foot of which the present village is pleasantly situated, on which are the remains of an ancient castle, its sole defence. Jos 14:15 Ge 23:2 37:14 Nu 13:22 2Sa 2:11

Lachish 2Ki 18:14,17 2Ch 11:9 Mic 1:13

4 Come up unto me, and help me, that we may smite Gibeon: for it hath made peace with Joshua and with the children of Israel.

and help Isa 8:9,10 41:5-7 Ac 9:24-27 21:28 Re 16:14 20:8-10

we may Jos 10:1 9:15 Mt 16:24 Joh 15:19 16:2,3 Ac 9:23 2Ti 3:12 Jas 4:4 1Pe 4:4

5 Therefore the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, gathered themselves together, and went up, they and all their hosts, and encamped before Gibeon, and made war against it.

Jos 10:6 9:1,2 Ge 15:16 Isa 8:9,10

6 And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to the camp to Gilgal, saying, Slack not thy hand from thy servants; come up to us quickly, and save us, and help us: for all the kings of the Amorites that dwell in the mountains are gathered together against us.

to the camp Jos 5:10 9:6

Slack 2Ki 4:24

from thy Jos 9:15,24,25 Isa 33:22

mountains Jos 21:11 De 1:15 Ps 125:2 Lu 1:39

7 So Joshua ascended from Gilgal, he, and all the people of war with him, and all the mighty men of valor.

Isa 8:12,14

8 And the LORD said unto Joshua, Fear them not: for I have delivered them into thine hand; there shall not a man of them stand before thee.

Jos 1:5-9 8:1 11:6 De 3:2 20:1-4 Jud 4:14,15 Ps 27:1,2 Isa 41:10-15 Ro 8:31

9 Joshua therefore came unto them suddenly, and went up from Gilgal all night.

all night 1Sa 11:9-11 Pr 22:29 24:11,12 Ec 9:10 2Ti 2:3 4:2

10 And the LORD discomfited them before Israel, and slew them with a great slaughter at Gibeon, and chased them along the way that goeth up to Bethhoron, and smote them to Azekah, and unto Makkedah.

the Lord Jos 11:8 Jud 4:15 1Sa 7:10-12 2Ch 14:12 Ps 18:14 44:3 78:55

at Gibeon Isa 28:21

Beth-horon Jos 16:3,5 21:22 1Sa 13:18

Azekah Jos 10:11 15:35 Jer 34:7

Makedah Jos 10:28 12:16 15:41

11 And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, and were in the going down to Bethhoron, that the LORD cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more which died with hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.

the Lord Ge 19:24 Ex 9:22-26 Jud 5:20 Ps 11:6 18:12-14 77:17,18 Isa 28:2 30:30 Eze 13:11 Re 11:19 16:21

12 Then spake Joshua to the LORD in the day when the LORD delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel, and he said in the sight of Israel, Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, Moon, in the valley of Ajalon.

Sun Joshua doubtless acted, on this occasion, by an immediate impulse upon his mind from the Spirit of God. The terms here employed to record the miracle, agree with the accustomed manner in which the the motions of the earth and sun are described in our own day. The sun apparently moves, but really is stationary; while the diurnal movement of the earth on its axis is by us unnoticed, and would not have been known except by astronomical science. the sun appeared to the Israelites over Gibeon, and the moon over the valley of Ajalon, and there they stayed in their course for `a whole day.' Many vain enquiries have been made concerning the way in which this miracle was wrought, and many difficulties and objections have been urged against understanding it literally. But the fact is authenticated by the Divine testimony; and the manner in which it was accomplished lies entirely out of our province, because beyond our comprehension. Jos 10:13 De 4:19 17:3 Job 9:7 31:26,27 Ps 19:4 74:16 148:3 Isa 28:21 38:8 60:20 Am 8:9 Hab 3:11

stand thou [heb] be silent Hab 2:20 Zec 2:13

Ajalon Jos 19:42 Jud 12:12

Aijalon

13 And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day.

until Nu 31:2 Jud 5:2 16:28 Es 8:13 Lu 18:7 Re 6:10

Jasher. or, the upright Nu 21:14 2Sa 1:18

So the sun Jos 10:11,14 Ps 19:4 74:16,17 136:7-9 148:3 Isa 24:23 38:8 Joe 2:10,31 3:15 Mt 5:45 24:29 Ac 2:20 Re 6:12 8:12 16:8 21:23

14 And there was no day like that before it or after it, that the LORD hearkened unto the voice of a man: for the LORD fought for Israel.

there was 2Ki 20:10,11 Isa 38:8

the Lord Zec 4:6,7 Mt 21:21,22 Mr 11:22-24 Lu 17:6

for the Lord Jos 10:42 23:3 De 1:30

15 And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal.

Jos 10:6,43

16 But these five kings fled, and hid themselves in a cave at Makkedah.

and hid Ps 48:4-6 139:7-10 Isa 2:10-12 Am 9:2 Re 6:15

in a cave Jud 6:2 1Sa 13:6 24:3,8 Isa 2:19-22 24:21,22 Mic 7:17

17 And it was told Joshua, saying, The five kings are found hid in a cave at Makkedah.

This information brought to Joshua, is an evidence that there were those of the country, who knew the holes and fastnesses of it, that were in his interests. And the care Joshua took to secure them there, as it is an instance of his policy and presence of mind, even in the heat of action; so, in the success of their project, it shows how they who think to hide themselves from God, not only deceive, but destroy themselves. Their refuge of lies will but bind them over to God's judgment.

18 And Joshua said, Roll great stones upon the mouth of the cave, and set men by it for to keep them:

Jos 10:22 Jud 9:46-49 Job 21:30 Am 5:19 9:1 Mt 27:66

19 And stay ye not, but pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for the LORD your God hath delivered them into your hand.

stay ye Ps 18:37-41 Jer 48:10

smite [heb] cut off the tail Isa 9:14,15

suffer them Jos 10:20 2Sa 17:13 20:6 Jer 8:14

20 And it came to pass, when Joshua and the children of Israel had made an end of slaying them with a very great slaughter, till they were consumed, that the rest which remained of them entered into fenced cities.

had made Jos 10:10 8:24 2Ch 13:17

fenced cities 2Sa 20:6 Jer 8:14

21 And all the people returned to the camp to Joshua at Makkedah in peace: none moved his tongue against any of the children of Israel.

to the camp Jos 10:15-17

none Ex 11:7 Isa 54:17 57:4

22 Then said Joshua, Open the mouth of the cave, and bring out those five kings unto me out of the cave.

1Sa 15:32 Jos 10:16-18

23 And they did so, and brought forth those five kings unto him out of the cave, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, and the king of Eglon.

Jos 10:1,3,5

24 And it came to pass, when they brought out those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the captains of the men of war which went with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.

put your feet De 33:29 Jud 8:20 Ps 2:8-12 18:40 91:13 107:40 110:1,5 149:8,9 Isa 26:5,6 60:11,12 Mal 4:3 Ro 16:20 Re 2:26,27

25 And Joshua said unto them, Fear not, nor be dismayed, be strong and of good courage: for thus shall the LORD do to all your enemies against whom ye fight.

Fear not Jos 1:9 De 31:6-8 1Sa 17:37 Ps 63:9 77:11 2Co 1:10 2Ti 4:17,18

be strong Eph 6:10

thus shall De 3:21,22 7:19 Ro 8:37

26 And afterward Joshua smote them, and slew them, and hanged them on five trees: and they were hanging upon the trees until the evening.

Joshua Jud 8:21 1Sa 15:33

hanged Jos 8:29 Nu 25:4 De 21:22,23 2Sa 21:6,9 Es 2:23 7:9,10 Mt 27:25 Ga 3:13

27 And it came to pass at the time of the going down of the sun, that Joshua commanded, and they took them down off the trees, and cast them into the cave wherein they had been hid, and laid great stones in the cave's mouth, which remain until this very day.

they took Jos 8:29 De 21:23 2Sa 18:17

until this very day Jos 4:9 7:26

28 And that day Joshua took Makkedah, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof he utterly destroyed, them, and all the souls that were therein; he let none remain: and he did to the king of Makkedah as he did unto the king of Jericho.

Makkedah Situated, according to Eusebius, 8 miles east from Eleutheropolis It was afterwards assigned to the tribe of Judah. Jos 15:41

them Jos 10:32,35,37,39 6:21 De 7:2,16 20:16,17 Ps 21:8,9 110:1 Lu 19:27 1Co 15:25

and he did Jos 10:30 8:2

29 Then Joshua passed from Makkedah, and all Israel with him, unto Libnah, and fought against Libnah:

Libnah This city was situated in the south of Judah, and in the district of Eleuthopolis, according to Eusebius and Jerome. It is probably the Libnah in the neighbourhood of which the Israelites encamped. Jos 12:15 15:42 21:13 Nu 33:20 2Ki 8:22 19:8 Jer 52:1

as he did Jos 10:28 6:21 8:2,29

30 And the LORD delivered it also, and the king thereof, into the hand of Israel; and he smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls that were therein; he let none remain in it; but did unto the king thereof as he did unto the king of Jericho.

31 And Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, unto Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:

Lachish Lachish was also situated in the south of Judah, seven miles south from Eleutheropolis, according to Eusebius and Jerome. It appears to have been anciently a very strong place; for though the people were panic struck, and the Israelites flushed with success, yet Joshua could not reduce it till the second day; and the king of Assyria afterwards was obliged to raise the siege. Jos 10:3,5 12:11 15:39 2Ki 19:8 2Ch 11:9 Isa 37:8 Mic 1:13

32 And the LORD delivered Lachish into the hand of Israel, which took it on the second day, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls that were therein, according to all that he had done to Libnah.

to Libnah Jos 10:30

33 Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

Gezer Gezer was situated on the confines of Ephraim and Manasseh, between Beth-horon and the sea; and is evidently the village of Gazara mentioned by Eusebius, four miles (north) from Nicopolis or Emmaus. Jos 12:12 16:3,10 21:21 Jud 1:29 1Ki 9:16,17 1Ch 6:67 20:4

34 And from Lachish Joshua passed unto Eglon, and all Israel with him; and they encamped against it, and fought against it:

Eglon This town appears to have been no great distance from Lachish, with which it is mentioned, Jos 15:39

as one of the cities given to Judah Jos 10:3 12:12 15:39

35 And they took it on that day, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls that were therein he utterly destroyed that day, according to all that he had done to Lachish.

on that day Jos 10:32

utterly Jos 10:37 Le 26:44 Job 19:10

36 And Joshua went up from Eglon, and all Israel with him, unto Hebron; and they fought against it:

Hebron Jos 10:3,5 14:13,14 15:13,54 21:13 Ge 13:18 Nu 13:22 Jud 1:10 2Sa 5:1-5 15:9,10 1Ch 12:23,28

37 And they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the souls that were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but destroyed it utterly, and all the souls that were therein.

the king From verse 23, we learn that the king of Hebron was one of the five whom Joshua slew and hanged on five trees at Makkedah. This slaying of the king of Hebron, therefore, must either refer to what had already been done, or the Hebronites had set up another, whom Joshua now slew when he took the city.

according Jos 10:35

38 And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, to Debir; and fought against it:

Debir Debir was situated in the south of the tribe of Judah, near Hebron. The expression of Joshua's returning to Debir, probably denotes, that having carried his conquests in the southern parts as far as Gaza, (ver 41) which was in the south-west angle of Canaan, he then marched back to besiege Debir. Jos 12:13 15:15,49 21:15 Jud 1:11-15

39 And he took it, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof; and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed all the souls that were therein; he left none remaining: as he had done to Hebron, so he did to Debir, and to the king thereof; as he had done also to Libnah, and to her king.

he left none Jos 10:33,37,40 11:8 De 3:3 2Ki 10:11 Ob 1:18

40 So Joshua smote all the country of the hills, and of the south, and of the vale, and of the springs, and all their kings: he left none remaining, but utterly destroyed all that breathed, as the LORD God of Israel commanded.

all the country Jos 15:21-63 18:21-28 19:1-8,40-48

utterly Jos 10:35,37 1Ki 15:29 Ps 9:17 2Th 1:7-9

as the Lord Jos 6:17 8:2,27 9:24 Ex 23:31-33 34:12 De 7:2-16 26:16,17

41 And Joshua smote them from Kadeshbarnea even unto Gaza, and all the country of Goshen, even unto Gibeon.

Kadesh-barnea Jos 14:6,7 Nu 13:26 32:8 34:4 De 9:23

Gaza Ge 10:19 Jud 16:1,21 1Sa 6:17 Zec 9:5 Ac 8:26

all the country The country of Goshen, mentioned here, seems to have been in the south of Judah; and to have taken its name from the city of Goshen, situated in the same tribe. Jos 11:16 15:51

Gibeon Jos 10:2,12 1Ki 3:5

42 And all these kings and their land did Joshua take at one time, because the LORD God of Israel fought for Israel.

because Jos 10:14 Ex 14:14,25 De 20:4 Ps 44:3-8 46:1,7,11 80:3 118:6 Isa 8:9,10 43:4 Ro 8:31-37

43 And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal.

unto the camp Jos 10:15 4:19 1Sa 11:14