1-37 A repetition of sundry laws

2 Speak unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, and say unto them, Ye shall be holy: for I the LORD your God am holy.

Ye shall Le 11:44,45 20:7,26 21:8 Ex 19:6 Isa 6:3,4 Am 3:3 Mt 5:48 2Co 6:14-16 7:1 1Pe 1:15,16

3 Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and keep my sabbaths: I am the LORD your God.

fear Ex 20:12 21:15,17 De 21:18-21 27:16 Pr 1:8 6:20,24 23:22 30:11,17 Eze 22:7 Mal 1:6 Mt 15:4-6 Eph 6:1-3 Heb 12:9

keep Le 26:2 Ex 16:29 20:8 31:13-17 Isa 56:4-6 58:13 Eze 20:12 22:8

4 Turn ye not unto idols, nor make to yourselves molten gods: I am the LORD your God.

not unto Le 26:1 Ex 20:3-5 1Co 10:14 1Jo 5:21

molten gods Ex 20:23 32:4 34:17 De 27:15 Hag 2:18

5 And if ye offer a sacrifice of peace offerings unto the LORD, ye shall offer it at your own will.

a sacrifice Le 3:1-17 7:16 22:21 Ex 24:5 2Ch 31:2 Eze 45:15-17 46:2,12 Eph 2:13,14

ye shall Le 1:3 22:19,23,29

your own will
The Hebrews had several kinds of offerings, which they called {corban}. Some were free-will offerings, others were of obligation. The first fruits, the tenths, the sin offerings, were of obligation; the peace-offerings, vows, offerings of oil, wine, bread, and other things which were made to the temple, or to the ministers of the Lord, were offerings of devotion; these constituted the greater part. They indeed were a shadow of good things to come, which we enjoy in full fruition through THE ONE great SACRIFICE, even Jesus Christ.

`Aaron must lay his robes away, His mitre and his vest, When God himself comes down to be the offering and the priest.'

6 It shall be eaten the same day ye offer it, and on the morrow: and if ought remain until the third day, it shall be burnt in the fire.

Le 7:11-17

7 And if it be eaten at all on the third day, it is abominable; it shall not be accepted.

abominable Isa 1:13 65:4 66:3 Jer 16:18

it shall Le 7:18-21 22:23,25

8 Therefore every one that eateth it shall bear his iniquity, because he hath profaned the hallowed thing of the LORD: and that soul shall be cut off from among his people.

9 And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field, neither shalt thou gather the gleanings of thy harvest.

ye reap the harvest In what code of laws merely human, is a requisition to be found so counteracting to selfishness, so encouraging to liberality, and so beneficently considering to the poor and needy? But the Mosaic dispensation, like the Christian, breathed with love to God, and benevolence to man. To the honour of the public and charitable spirit of the English, this merciful law is, in general, as much attended to as if it had been incorporated with the gospel. Le 23:29 De 24:19-21 Ru 2:2,15

10 And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather every grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and stranger: I am the LORD your God.

glean Jud 8:2 Isa 17:6 24:13 Jer 49:9 Ob 1:5 Mic 7:1

thou shalt Le 25:6

11 Ye shall not steal, neither deal falsely, neither lie one to another.

shalt not Le 6:2 Ex 20:15,17 22:1,7,10-12 De 5:19 Jer 6:13 7:9-11 Zec 5:3,4 8:16,17 1Co 6:8-10 Eph 4:28

lie one 1Ki 13:18 Ps 101:7 116:11 Jer 9:3-5 Ac 5:3,4 Ro 3:4 Eph 4:25 Col 3:9 1Ti 1:10 Re 21:8

12 And ye shall not swear by my name falsely, neither shalt thou profane the name of thy God: I am the LORD.

ye shall Le 6:3 Ex 20:7 De 5:11 Ps 15:4 Jer 4:2 7:9 Zec 5:4 Mal 3:5 Mt 5:33,34 Jas 5:12

profane Le 18:21 24:11,15,16 Eze 36:20-23

13 Thou shalt not defraud thy neighbor, neither rob him: the wages of him that is hired shall not abide with thee all night until the morning.

shall not Pr 20:10 22:22 Jer 22:3 Eze 22:29 Mr 10:19 Lu 3:13 1Th 4:6

the wages De 24:14,15 Job 31:39 Jer 22:13 Mal 3:5 Jas 5:4

14 Thou shalt not curse the deaf, nor put a stumbling-block before the blind, but shalt fear thy God: I am the LORD.

not curse De 27:18 Ro 12:14 14:13 1Co 8:8-13 10:32 Re 2:14

fear Le 19:32 25:17 Ge 42:18 Ne 5:15 1Pe 1:17 2:17

15 Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment: thou shalt not respect the person of the poor, nor honor the person of the mighty: but in righteousness shalt thou judge thy neighbor.

Le 19:35 Ex 18:21 23:2 23:2,3,7,8 De 1:17 16:19 25:13-16 27:19 2Ch 19:6,7 Ps 82:2 Pr 18:5 24:23 Jas 2:6-9

16 Thou shalt not go up and down as a talebearer among thy people: neither shalt thou stand against the blood of thy neighbor; I am the LORD.

tale-bearer Ex 23:1 Ps 15:3 Pr 11:13 20:19 Jer 6:28 9:4 Eze 22:9 1Ti 3:11 2Ti 3:3 Tit 2:3 1Pe 2:1

stand Ex 20:16 23:1,7 1Ki 21:10-13 Mt 26:60,61 27:4 Ac 6:11-13 24:4-9

17 Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thine heart: thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbor, and not suffer sin upon him.

hate Ge 27:41 Pr 26:24-26 1Jo 2:9,11 3:12-15

rebuke Ps 141:5 Pr 9:8 27:5,6 Mt 18:15-17 Lu 17:3 Ga 2:11-14 6:1 Eph 5:11 1Ti 5:20 2Ti 4:2 Tit 1:13 2:15

and not suffer sin upon him. or, that thou bear not sin for him Ro 1:32 1Co 5:2 1Ti 5:22 2Jo 1:10,11

18 Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself: I am the LORD.

not avenge Ex 23:4,5 De 32:25 2Sa 13:22,28 Pr 20:22 Mt 5:43,44 Ro 12:17,19 13:4 Eph 4:31 Col 3:8 1Pe 2:1

thou shalt Mt 5:43 19:19 22:39,40 Mr 12:31-34 Lu 10:27-37 Ro 13:9 Ga 5:14 Jas 2:8

19 Ye shall keep my statutes. Thou shalt not let thy cattle gender with a diverse kind: thou shalt not sow thy field with mingled seed: neither shall a garment mingled of linen and woolen come upon thee.

thy cattle gender These practices might have been considered as altering the original constitution of God in creation; and this is the view which the Jews, and also Josephus and Philo, take of the subject. There were, probably, also both moral and political reasons for these prohibitions. With respect to heterogenous mixtures among {cattle}, it was probably forbidden, to prevent excitements to the abominations condemned in the preceding chapter. As to {seeds}, in many cases, it would be highly improper to sow different kinds in the same plot of ground. If {oats} and {wheat}, for instance, were sown together, the latter would be {injured}, and the former {ruined}. This prohibition may therefore be regarded as a prudential agricultural maxim. As to different kinds of {garments}, the prohibition might be intended against pride and vanity in clothing. Ge 36:24 2Sa 13:29 18:9 1Ki 1:33 Ezr 2:66

mingled De 22:9-11 Mt 9:16,17 Ro 11:6 2Co 6:14-17 Ga 3:9-11

20 And whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, betrothed to an husband, and not at all redeemed, nor freedom given her; she shall be scourged; they shall not be put to death, because she was not free.

betrothed to an husband. or, abused by any [heb] reproached by, or for man.

she shall be scourged. or, they [heb] there shall be a scourging
they shall Ex 21:20,21 De 22:23,24

21 And he shall bring his trespass offering unto the LORD, unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, even a ram for a trespass offering.

Le 5:1-6:7

22 And the priest shall make an atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering before the LORD for his sin which he hath done: and the sin which he hath done shall be forgiven him.

and the sin Le 4:20,26

23 And when ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then ye shall count the fruit thereof as uncircumcised: three years shall it be as uncircumcised unto you: it shall not be eaten of.

And when Le 14:34

uncircumcised Le 12:3 22:27 Ex 6:12,30 22:29,30 Jer 6:10 9:25,26 Ac 7:51

24 But in the fourth year all the fruit thereof shall be holy to praise the LORD withal.

all the Nu 18:12,13 De 12:17,18 14:28,29 18:4 Pr 3:9

holy to praise the Lord withal [heb] holiness of praises to the Lord

25 And in the fifth year shall ye eat of the fruit thereof, that it may yield unto you the increase thereof: I am the LORD your God.

Le 26:3,4 Pr 3:9,10 Ec 11:1,2 Hag 1:4-6,9-11 2:18,19 Mal 3:8-10

26 Ye shall not eat any thing with the blood: neither shall ye use enchantment, nor observe times.

with the blood Le 3:17 7:26 17:10-14 De 12:23

use Ex 7:11 8:7 1Sa 15:23 Jer 10:2 Da 2:10 Mal 3:5

nor De 18:10-14 2Ki 17:17 21:6 2Ch 33:6

27 Ye shall not round the corners of your heads, neither shalt thou mar the corners of thy beard.

Le 21:5 Isa 15:2 Jer 16:6 48:37 Eze 7:18 44:20

28 Ye shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor print any marks upon you: I am the LORD.

Cuttings Le 21:5 De 14:1 1Ki 18:28 Jer 16:6 48:37 Mr 5:5

print Re 13:16,17 14:9,11 15:2 16:2 19:20 20:4

29 Do not prostitute thy daughter, to cause her to be a whore; lest the land fall to whoredom, and the land become full of wickedness.

prostitute [heb] profane
to cause Le 21:7 De 23:17 Ho 4:12-14 1Co 6:15

30 Ye shall keep my sabbaths, and reverence my sanctuary: I am the LORD.

keep Le 19:3 26:2

reverence Le 10:3 15:31 16:2 Ge 28:16,17 2Ch 33:7 36:14 Ps 89:7 Ec 5:1 Eze 9:6 Mt 21:13 Joh 2:15,16 2Co 6:16 1Pe 4:17

31 Regard not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek after wizards, to be defiled by them: I am the LORD your God.

Le 19:26 20:6,7,27 Ex 22:18 De 18:10-14 1Sa 28:3,7-9 2Ki 17:17 21:6 1Ch 10:13 2Ch 33:6 Isa 8:19 29:4 47:13 Ac 8:11 13:6-8 16:16-18 19:19,20 Ga 5:20 Re 21:8

32 Thou shalt rise up before the hoary head, and honor the face of the old man, and fear thy God: I am the LORD.

Le 19:14 1Ki 2:19 Job 32:4,6 Pr 16:31 20:29 Isa 3:5 La 5:12 Ro 13:7 1Ti 5:1 1Pe 2:17

33 And if a stranger sojourn with thee in your land, ye shall not vex him.

And if Ex 22:21 23:9 De 10:18,19 24:14 Mal 3:5

vex him. or, oppress him Jer 7:6 Eze 22:7,29

34 But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.

Le 19:18 Ex 12:48,49 De 10:19 Mt 5:43

35 Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in meteyard, in weight, or in measure.

no unrighteousness Le 19:15

in meteyard De 25:13,15 Pr 11:1 16:11 20:10 Eze 22:12,13 Am 8:5,6 Mic 6:1,, Mt 7:2

36 Just balances, just weights, a just ephah, and a just hin, shall ye have: I am the LORD your God, which brought you out of the land of Egypt.

Just balances Pr 11:1

weights [heb] stones
I am Ex 20:2

37 Therefore shall ye observe all my statutes, and all my judgments, and do them: I am the LORD.

Le 18:4,5 De 4:1,2,5,6 5:1 6:1,2 8:1 Ps 119:4,34 1Jo 3:22,23