1 Babylon is fallen.
4 People commanded to depart out of her.
9 The kings of the earth, with the merchants and mariners, lament over her.
20 The saints rejoice for the judgments of God upon her.

I saw. See on ch. 17:1

and the. 21:23 Isa 60:1-3 Eze 43:2 Lu 17:24 2Th 2:8

2 And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird.

cried. 1:15 5:2 10:3 14:15 Jer 25:30 Joe 3:16

Babylon. 10,21 14:8 16:19 17:5,18 Isa 13:19 21:9 Jer 51:8,60-64

become. Le 11:13-19 Isa 13:20-22 14:23 21:8 34:11-15 Jer 50:39,40 Jer 51:37 Mr 5:3-5 Lu 8:27,28

3 For all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the abundance of her delicacies.

all. 9 14:8 17:2 Jer 51:7

the merchants. 11-17,23 Isa 47:15 2Pe 2:1-3

abundance. or, power. Pr 23:1-3

her delicacies. Jer 51:34 La 4:5 Lu 7:25

4 And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come out of her, my people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye receive not of her plagues.

Come. Ge 19:12,13 Nu 16:26,27 Isa 48:20 52:11 Jer 50:8 51:6,45,50 Mt 24:15,16 2Co 6:17

partakers. Ps 50:18 Mt 23:30 1Ti 5:22 2Jo 1:11

5 For her sins have reached unto heaven, and God hath remembered her iniquities.

reached. Ge 18:20,21 2Ch 28:9 Ezr 9:6 Jer 51:9 Jon 1:2

and. See on ch. 16:19

6 Reward her even as she rewarded you, and double unto her double according to her works: in the cup which she hath filled fill to her double.

Reward. 13:10 16:5,6 Ex 21:23-25 Ps 137:8 Jer 50:15,29 51:24,49 2Ti 4:14

double unto. Isa 40:2 61:7 Jer 16:18 17:18 Zec 9:12

the cup. See on ch. 14:10 16:19 17:2,4

7 How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow.

much she. Isa 22:12-14 47:1,2,7-9 Eze 28:2-10 Zep 2:15 2Th 2:4-8

I sit. Ps 45:9 Jer 13:18

no widow. Isa 47:7,8 La 1:1

8 Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her.

shall her. 10,17,19 Isa 47:9-11 Jer 51:6

and she. 9 17:18 19:3 Jer 51:58

for. 11:17 Job 9:19 Ps 62:11 Isa 27:1 Jer 50:31,34 1Co 10:22

9 And the kings of the earth, who have committed fornication and lived deliciously with her, shall bewail her, and lament for her, when they shall see the smoke of her burning,

the kings. 3,7 17:2,12,13

shall bewail. 20 Ps 58:10 Jer 50:46 Eze 26:16,17 32:9,10 Da 4:14 Zec 11:2,3

the smoke. 18 14:11 19:3 Ge 19:28 De 29:23 Isa 13:19 30:33 34:9,10 Jer 50:40

10 Standing afar off for the fear of her torment, saying, Alas, alas that great city Babylon, that mighty city! for in one hour is thy judgment come.

afar. Nu 16:34

Alas. 16,19 Jer 30:7 Joe 1:15 Am 5:16

that great. 14:8 Isa 21:9

for. See on ver. 8,17,19 Jer 51:8,9

11 And the merchants of the earth shall weep and mourn over her; for no man buyeth their merchandise any more:

the merchants. 3,9,15,20,23 13:16,17 Isa 23:1-15 47:15 Eze 26:17-21 27:27-36 Zep 1:11,18

buyeth. Pr 3:14 Mt 22:5 Joh 2:16 2Pe 2:3

12 The merchandise of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and of pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and all thyine wood, and all manner vessels of ivory, and all manner vessels of most precious wood, and of brass, and iron, and marble,

merchandise. 17:4 1Ki 10:11,12 Pr 8:10,11 Eze 27:5-25

thyine. or, sweet. 1Ki 10:11 2Ch 2:8

13 And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men.

cinnamon. 1Ki 10:10,15,25 2Ch 9:9 Pr 7:17 So 1:3 4:13,14 5:5 Am 6:6 Joh 12:3-8

slaves. or, bodies. Ex 21:16 De 24:7 28:68 Ne 5:4,5,8 Isa 50:1 Eze 27:13 Am 2:6 Am 8:6 1Ti 1:10

and souls. By the sale of indulgences, dispensations, absolutions, masses, bulls, etc.

2Pe 2:3

14 And the fruits that thy soul lusted after are departed from thee, and all things which were dainty and goodly are departed from thee, and thou shalt find them no more at all.

thy soul. Nu 11:4,34 Ps 78:18 106:14 1Co 10:6 Jas 4:2 1Jo 2:16,17

departed. Lu 12:20 16:25

15 The merchants of these things, which were made rich by her, shall stand afar off for the fear of her torment, weeping and wailing,

which. 3,11 Ho 12:7,8 Zec 11:5 Mr 11:17 Ac 16:19 19:24-27

shall. See on ver. 11 Jud 18:23,24 Eze 27:31 Am 5:16,17

16 And saying, Alas, alas that great city, that was clothed in fine linen, and purple, and scarlet, and decked with gold, and precious stones, and pearls!

Alas. See on ver. 10,11 17:4 Lu 16:19 *etc:

17 For in one hour so great riches is come to nought. And every shipmaster, and all the company in ships, and sailors, and as many as trade by sea, stood afar off,

in one. 10 Isa 47:9 Jer 51:8 La 4:6

And every. 11 Isa 23:14 Eze 27:27-36 Jon 1:6

18 And cried when they saw the smoke of her burning, saying, What city is like unto this great city!

when. See on ver. 9

What. 10 13:4 Isa 23:8,9 Jer 51:37 Eze 27:30-32

19 And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas that great city, wherein were made rich all that had ships in the sea by reason of her costliness! for in one hour is she made desolate.

they cast. Jos 7:6 1Sa 4:12 2Sa 13:19 Ne 9:1 Job 2:12 Eze 27:30

weeping. See on ver. 10,15,16

for. 8

20 Rejoice over her, thou heaven, and ye holy apostles and prophets; for God hath avenged you on her.

Rejoice. 19:1-3 Jud 5:31 Ps 48:11 58:10 96:11-13 107:42 109:28 Pr 11:10 Isa 44:23 49:13 Jer 51:47,48

and ye. It is peculiarly worthy of remark, that the apostles, who are idolatrously honoured at Rome, and daily worshipped, should be specially mentioned as rejoicing in her fall; as if it 'avenged them' on her, for the dishonour cast on their characters, while it vindicated the glory of God.

Eph 2:20 3:5 4:11 2Pe 3:2 Jude 1:17

God. 6:10 19:2 De 32:42 Ps 18:47 94:1 Isa 26:21 Lu 11:49,50 18:7,8

21 And a mighty angel took up a stone like a great millstone, and cast it into the sea, saying, Thus with violence shall that great city Babylon be thrown down, and shall be found no more at all.

a mighty. This was to represent the violence of her fall, and that she should never rise again; which is further illustrated by varied emphatic expressions taken from the ancient prophets. But Rome is still standing and flourishing, and honoured by many nations as the metropolis of the Christian world; she still resounds with singers and musicians; she still excels in arts, which serve for pomp and luxury; she still abounds with candles, and lamps, and torches, burning even by day, as well as by night; and consequently this prophecy has not been, but remains to fulfilled.

Thus. Ex 15:5 Ne 9:11 Jer 51:63,64

and shall. 22 12:8 16:20 20:11 Job 20:8 Ps 37:36 Eze 26:21 Da 11:19

22 And the voice of harpers, and musicians, and of pipers, and trumpeters, shall be heard no more at all in thee; and no craftsman, of whatsoever craft he be, shall be found any more in thee; and the sound of a millstone shall be heard no more at all in thee;

the voice. Isa 24:8,9 Jer 7:34 16:9 25:10 33:11 Eze 26:13

23 And the light of a candle shall shine no more at all in thee; and the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard no more at all in thee: for thy merchants were the great men of the earth; for by thy sorceries were all nations deceived.

the light. 22:5 Job 21:17 Pr 4:18,19 24:20

the voice. See on ver. 22

thy merchants. 3,11-19 Isa 23:8 Eze 27:24,25,33,34

for. 3,9 12:9 13:13-16 17:2,5 21:8 22:15 2Ki 9:22 Isa 47:9 Na 3:4 Ac 8:11

24 And in her was found the blood of prophets, and of saints, and of all that were slain upon the earth.

in her. 11:7 16:6 17:6 19:2 Jer 2:34 Eze 22:9,12,27 Da 7:21 Mt 23:27 Lu 11:47-51 Ac 7:52 1Th 2:15

were. Jer 51:49