1 What is commanded to be written to the angels, that is, the ministers of the churches of Ephesus,
8 Smyrna,
12 Pergamos,
18 Thyatira, and what is commended or found wanting in them.

the angel. 8,12,18 3:1,7,14

church. See on ch. 1:11

holdeth. 1:16,20 8:10-12 12:1 Joh 5:35

walketh. See on ch. 1:12,13 Eze 28:13,14 Mt 18:20 28:20

2 I know thy works, and thy labour, and thy patience, and how thou canst not bear them which are evil: and thou hast tried them which say they are apostles, and are not, and hast found them liars:

know. 9,13,19 3:1,8,15 Ps 1:6 Mt 7:23 1Th 1:3 2Ti 2:19 Heb 6:10

how. 6,14,15,20,21 Ga 1:7 Eph 4:14 1Th 5:21 2Pe 2:1-3 1Jo 4:1

thou hast. 2Co 11:13-15 1Jo 2:21,22 4:1

3 And hast borne, and hast patience, and for my name's sake hast laboured, and hast not fainted.

hast borne. Ps 69:7 Mic 7:9 Mr 15:21 Lu 14:27 1Co 13:7 Ga 6:2 Heb 13:13

hast patience. 1:9 3:10 Ps 37:7 Lu 8:15 21:19 Ro 2:7 5:3,4 8:25 12:12 15:4,5 Col 1:11 2Th 3:5 Heb 6:12,15 10:36 12:1 Jas 1:3,4 5:7-11 2Pe 1:6

hast laboured. Ro 16:12 1Co 16:16 2Co 5:9 6:5 10:15 11:23 Php 2:16 4:3 1Th 1:3 2:9 5:12 2Th 3:8 1Ti 4:10 5:17 Heb 6:10

hast not. Lu 18:1 2Co 4:1,16 Ga 6:9 2Th 3:13 Heb 12:3-5

4 Nevertheless I have somewhat against thee, because thou hast left thy first love.

I have. 14,20

because. 3:14-17 Jer 2:2-5 Mt 24:12,13 Php 1:9 3:13-16 1Th 4:9,10 2Th 1:3 Heb 6:10,11

5 Remember therefore from whence thou art fallen, and repent, and do the first works; or else I will come unto thee quickly, and will remove thy candlestick out of his place, except thou repent.

Remember. 3:3,19 Eze 16:61-63 20:43 36:31 2Pe 1:12,13

thou art. Isa 14:12 Ho 14:1 Ga 5:4 Jude 1:24

and repent. 16,21,22 3:3,19 9:20,21 16:9 Ac 17:30,31

and do. 19 3:2,3 Isa 1:26 Jer 2:2,3 Ho 9:10 Mal 3:4 4:6 Lu 1:17

else. 16 3:3 Mt 21:41-43 24:48-51 Mr 12:9 Lu 12:45,46 20:16

6 But this thou hast, that thou hatest the deeds of the Nicolaitanes, which I also hate.

that. 14,15 2Ch 19:2 Ps 26:5 101:3 139:21,22 2Jo 1:9,10

7 He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches; To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the midst of the paradise of God.

that hath. 11,17,29 3:6,13,22 13:9 Mt 11:15 13:9,43 Mr 7:16

let him. 14:13 22:17 1Co 2:10 12:4-12

To him. 11,17,26-28 3:5,12,21 12:10,11 15:2 21:7 Joh 16:33 1Jo 5:4,5

the tree. 22:2,14 Ge 2:9 3:22-24 Pr 3:18 11:30 13:12 15:4

the paradise. Lu 23:43 2Co 12:4

8 And unto the angel of the church in Smyrna write; These things saith the first and the last, which was dead, and is alive;

the angel. See on ver. 1

the first. 1:8,11,17,18

9 I know thy works, and tribulation, and poverty, (but thou art rich) and I know the blasphemy of them which say they are Jews, and are not, but are the synagogue of Satan.

know. See on ver. 2

tribulation. 7:14 Joh 16:33 Ac 14:22 Ro 5:3 8:35 12:12 1Th 3:4 2Th 1:6,7

poverty. Lu 4:18 6:20 2Co 8:2,9 Jas 2:5,6

thou art. 3:17,18 Lu 12:21 2Co 6:10 1Ti 6:18 Jas 2:5,6

the blasphemy. Lu 22:65 Ac 26:11 1Ti 1:13

which. Ro 2:17,28,29 9:6

the synagogue. 3:9

10 Fear none of those things which thou shalt suffer: behold, the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that ye may be tried; and ye shall have tribulation ten days: be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of life.

Fear. Mt 10:22

shalt. Da 3:16-18 Mt 10:28 Lu 12:4-7

the devil. 12:9-11 13:2,7,15-17 Lu 21:12 Joh 13:2,27 Eph 2:2 6:12 1Pe 5:8

ye shall. See on ver. 9

ten days. Hab 2:3 1Pe 1:6,7

be thou. 12:11 Mt 10:22 24:13 Mr 8:35 13:13 Lu 21:16-19 Joh 12:25 Ac 20:24 21:13 2Ti 4:7,8

a crown. 3:11 Jas 1:12 1Pe 5:4

11 He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches; He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second death.

that hath. See on ver. 7 13:9

the second. 20:6,14 21:8

12 And to the angel of the church in Pergamos write; These things saith he which hath the sharp sword with two edges;

the angel. See on ver. 1 1:11

Pergamos. Pergamos, now Bergamo, the ancient metropolis of Mysia, and the residence of the Attalian kings, is situated on the river Caicus, about sixty miles north of Smyrna, in long. 27? E. lat. 39? 11' N. It still retains some measure of its ancient importance; containing a population of 15,000 souls, and having nine or ten mosques, two churches, and one synagogue.

which hath. 16 1:16 19:15,21 Isa 11:4 Heb 4:12

13 I know thy works, and where thou dwellest, even where Satan's seat is: and thou holdest fast my name, and hast not denied my faith, even in those days wherein Antipas was my faithful martyr, who was slain among you, where Satan dwelleth.

know. See on ver. 2,9

Satan's. 9,10,24 3:9

thou holdest. 25 3:3,11 1Th 5:21 2Ti 1:13 Heb 3:6 10:23

my name. 3:8 Mt 24:9 Lu 21:17 Ac 9:14 Jas 2:7

denied. Mt 10:23 1Ti 5:8 2Ti 2:12 Jude 1:3,4

was. Ac 22:20

14 But I have a few things against thee, because thou hast there them that hold the doctrine of Balaam, who taught Balac to cast a stumblingblock before the children of Israel, to eat things sacrificed unto idols, and to commit fornication.

I have. See on ver. 4,20

Balaam. Nu 24:14 25:1-3 31:8,16 Jos 24:9 2Pe 2:15 Jude 1:11

a stumbling-block. Isa 57:14 Jer 6:21 Eze 3:20 44:12 Mt 18:7 Ro 9:32 11:9 Ro 14:13,21 1Co 1:23 8:9 1Pe 2:8

eat. 20 Ac 15:20,21,29 21:25 1Co 8:4-13 10:18-31

to commit. 21:8 22:15 1Co 6:13-18 7:2 Heb 13:4

15 So hast thou also them that hold the doctrine of the Nicolaitanes, which thing I hate.

the doctrine. See on ver. 6

16 Repent; or else I will come unto thee quickly, and will fight against them with the sword of my mouth.

Repent. 5,21,22 3:19 16:9 Ac 17:30,31

else. See on ver. 5

will fight. 12 1:16 19:15,21 Isa 11:4 49:2 Eph 6:17 2Th 2:8

17 He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches; To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the hidden manna, and will give him a white stone, and in the stone a new name written, which no man knoweth saving he that receiveth it.

hath. 7,11 3:6,13,22

to eat. Ps 25:14 36:8 Pr 3:32 14:10 Isa 65:13 Mt 13:11 Joh 4:32 Joh 6:48-58 Col 3:3

a new. 3:12 19:12,13 Isa 56:4 65:15

saving. 1Co 2:14

18 And unto the angel of the church in Thyatira write; These things saith the Son of God, who hath his eyes like unto a flame of fire, and his feet are like fine brass;

unto. See on ver. 1 1:11

the Son. Ps 2:7 Mt 3:17 4:3-6 17:5 27:54 Lu 1:35 Joh 1:14,49 Joh 3:16,18,35,36 5:25 10:36 Ac 8:37 Ro 1:4 8:32

who. See on ch. 1:14,15

19 I know thy works, and charity, and service, and faith, and thy patience, and thy works; and the last to be more than the first.

know. See on ver. 2,9,13

charity. 1Co 13:1-8 Col 3:14 1Th 3:6 2Th 1:3 1Ti 1:5 1Pe 4:8 2Pe 1:7

patience. See on ver. 3

the last. 4 Job 17:9 Ps 92:14 Pr 4:18 Joh 15:2 2Pe 3:18

20 Notwithstanding I have a few things against thee, because thou sufferest that woman Jezebel, which calleth herself a prophetess, to teach and to seduce my servants to commit fornication, and to eat things sacrificed unto idols.

I have. See on ver. 4,14

that woman. 1Ki 16:31 17:4,13 19:1,2 21:7-15,23-25 2Ki 9:7,30-37

and to seduce. 14 Ex 34:15 Nu 25:1,2 Ac 15:20,29 1Co 8:10-12 10:18-21,28

21 And I gave her space to repent of her fornication; and she repented not.

space. 9:20,21 Jer 8:4-6 Ro 2:4,5 9:22 1Pe 3:20 2Pe 3:9,15

22 Behold, I will cast her into a bed, and them that commit adultery with her into great tribulation, except they repent of their deeds.

and them. 17:2 18:3,9 19:18-21 Eze 16:37-41 23:29,45-48

except. Jer 36:3 Eze 18:30-32 33:11 Zep 3:7 Lu 13:3,5 2Co 12:21 2Ti 2:25,26

23 And I will kill her children with death; and all the churches shall know that I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts: and I will give unto every one of you according to your works.

with death. 6:8

and all. 7,11 De 13:11 17:13 19:20 21:21 Zep 1:11

I am. 1Sa 16:7 1Ch 28:9 29:17 2Ch 6:30 Ps 7:9 44:21 Jer 11:20 17:10 Jer 20:12 Joh 2:24,25 21:17 Ac 1:24 Ro 8:27 Heb 4:13

and I will. 20:12 Ps 62:12 Isa 3:10,11 Mt 16:27 Ro 2:5-11 14:12 2Co 5:10 Ga 6:5 1Pe 1:17

24 But unto you I say, and unto the rest in Thyatira, as many as have not this doctrine, and which have not known the depths of Satan, as they speak; I will put upon you none other burden.

the depths. 12:9 13:14 2Co 2:11 11:3,13-15 Eph 6:11,12 2Th 2:9-12

I will. Ac 15:28

25 But that which ye have already hold fast till I come.

that. 3:3,11 Ac 11:28 Ro 12:9 1Th 5:21 Heb 3:6 4:14 10:23

till. 1:7 22:7,20 Joh 14:3 21:22,23 1Co 4:5 11:26 2Pe 3:10

26 And he that overcometh, and keepeth my works unto the end, to him will I give power over the nations:

he. See on ver. 7,11,17 3:5,12,21 21:7 Ro 8:37 1Jo 5:5

keepeth. Mt 24:13 Lu 8:13-15 Joh 6:29 8:31,32 Ro 2:7 1Th 3:5 Heb 10:38,39 Jas 2:20 1Jo 2:19 3:23

to him will I give. 3:21 20:4 22:5 Ps 49:14 Da 7:18,22,27 Mt 19:28 Lu 22:29,30 1Co 6:3,4

27 And he shall rule them with a rod of iron; as the vessels of a potter shall they be broken to shivers: even as I received of my Father.

he shall. 12:5 19:15 Ps 2:8,9 49:14 149:5-9 Da 7:22

even. Mt 11:27 Lu 22:29 Joh 17:24

28 And I will give him the morning star.

22:16 Lu 1:78,79 2Pe 1:19

29 He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches.

See on ver. 7